Masanin yanayi

Masanin yanayi masanin kimiyya ne wanda ke nazari kuma yana aiki a fagen nazarin yanayi da nufin fahimtar ko hasashen abubuwan da ke faruwa a duniya ciki har da yanayi. Waɗanda ke nazarin yanayin yanayi masana yanayi ne a cikin bincike, yayin da wadanda ke amfani da tsarin lissafi da ilmi don shirya hasashen yanayi na yau da kullun ana kiran su masu hasashen yanayi ko kuma masu aikin meteorologists.

Masana yanayi suna aiki a hukumomin gwamnati, shawarwari masu zaman kansu da sabis na bincike, masana'antu masana'antu, kayan aiki, gidajen rediyo da talabijin, da ilimi . Ba za a rikita su da masu gabatar da yanayi ba, waɗanda ke gabatar da hasashen yanayi a cikin kafofin watsa labaru da kewayon horo daga 'yan jarida da samun horo kaɗan a cikin yanayin yanayi zuwa cikakkun masanan yanayi.

Bayani

Masana yanayi suna nazarin yanayin duniya da mu'amalarta da saman duniya, tekuna da halittu . Ilimin ilimin lissafi da kimiyyar lissafi yana ba su damar fahimtar cikakken kewayon abubuwan abubuwan yanayi, daga samuwar dusar ƙanƙara zuwa yanayin duniya gaba ɗaya.

Masana yanayi na bincike sun kware a fannoni kamar:

• Ilimin yanayi don ƙididdige sassa daban-daban na yanayi da bambancinsu don tantancewa, misali, yuwuwar iskar da aka bayar ko ɗumamar yanayi .
• Ingancin iska inda suke sha'awar al'amuran sufuri, canzawa da tarwatsa gurɓataccen yanayi kuma ana iya kiran su da su tsara yanayin da ake ciki don rage gurɓataccen hayaƙi.

• Convection na yanayi don tsaftace ilimin tsarin da sojojin da ke cikin cyclones na wurare masu zafi, hadari da kuma tsakiyar latitude;
• Samfuran yanayi da haɓaka hasashen yanayi na lambobi .

Masana yanayi na aiki, kuma aka sani da masu hasashen:

• Tattara bayanan yanayi a wasu ƙasashe, amma galibin masu fasaha ne ke yin su a wasu wurare.
• Yi nazarin bayanai da abubuwan ƙididdiga samfurin hasashen yanayi na lamba don shirya hasashen yanayi na yau da kullun.
• Bayar da shawarwarin yanayi da jagora ga masu zaman kansu ko masu amfani da gwamnati.
• Haɗin kai tare da masu bincike don haɗa kimiyya da fasaha a cikin tsarin tsinkaya, musamman don ƙididdiga da samfuran samfuri, don masu amfani da yanayin da suka dogara kamar noma, gandun daji, jirgin sama, jigilar ruwa da kamun kifi, da sauransu.

Masana yanayi na iya zama masu ba da shawara ga kamfanoni masu zaman kansu a cikin nazarin ayyukan da suka shafi abubuwan da suka shafi yanayi kamar filin iska, kariyar hadari, da sauransu. A ƙarshe za su iya zama masu gabatar da yanayi a cikin kafofin watsa labarai (rediyo, TV, intanet).

Horowa

Don zama masanin yanayi, dole ne mutum ya ɗauki akalla digiri na farko na jami'a a fannin yanayin yanayi. Ga masu bincike, wannan horon yana ci gaba da ilimi mai zurfi, yayin da masu hasashe, kowace ƙasa tana da hanyarta ta horo. Misali, Hukumar Kula da Yanayin Kasa ta Kanada da Burtaniya suna da nasu kwas na horo bayan jami'a, yayin da Météo-Faransa ke daukar nauyin duk horon da zarar mutum ya ci jarrabawar shiga makarantar kimiyyar yanayi ta kasa bayan kammala karatun sakandare. A Amurka, Ma'aikatar Yanayi ta Ƙasa ko kamfanoni masu zaman kansu suna ɗaukar hayar masu hasashen hasashen bayan jami'a, kuma suna samun horo kan aikin, yayin da masu bincike ke ɗaukar hayar gwargwadon gwanintarsu.

A wasu ƙasashe, kamar a Amurka, akwai hanya ta uku da wanda ya kammala karatunsa a fannin yanayi da sadarwa a matakin koleji ko jami'a zai iya daukar hayar masarrafar watsa labarai. Ya kamata a bambanta su da masu gabatar da yanayi waɗanda ke da digiri na sadarwa kawai.

Wasu sanannun masana yanayi

• Francis Beaufort, wanda ya kirkiro ma'aunin iskar da ke dauke da sunansa.
• Vilhelm Bjerknes, wanda ya kafa na zamani meteorology wanda ya halicci Bergen School of Meteorology, inda masu bincike suka bayyana ka'idar gaba da cyclogenesis na tsakiyar latitudes hadari.
• Yakubu Bjerknes, ɗan tsohon, wanda ya halarci makarantar Norwegian kuma wanda ya yi nazarin al'amuran El Niño . Ya danganta na karshen da Kudancin Oscillation.
• Daniel Draper, mai ƙirƙira na'urori masu mahimmancin ma'aunin yanayi da suka haɗa da jagorancin iska mai rikodin kai da kayan aiki mai sauri, rikodin busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun kwan fitila, hygrograph, ma'aunin ruwan sama mai rikodin kai, ma'aunin zafin rana, da ma'aunin mercurial. barograph.
• George Hadley, na farko don gabatar da tasirin jujjuyawar duniya a cikin bayanin iskõki na kasuwanci da yanayin yanayi.
• Anna Mani, Masanin ilimin lissafi na Indiya da masanin yanayi wanda ya ba da gudummawa ga fannin kayan aikin meteorological, ya gudanar da bincike, kuma ya buga takardu masu yawa akan hasken rana, ozone, da ma'aunin makamashi na iska.
• Sverre Petterssen, memba na Makarantar Nazarin Yanayin Yaren mutanen Norway kuma daga baya ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin ƙungiyar uku na James Stagg don saukar da Normandy .
• James Stagg, RAF meteorologist wanda ke da alhakin ƙungiyoyi uku na masana kimiyyar yanayi suna tsinkaya a ranar 6 ga Yuni, 1944, wanda ya ba da izinin sauka a Normandy.
• Carl-Gustaf Rossby, wani masanin meteorologist na Sweden ne wanda aka fi sani da ganowa da kuma kwatanta raƙuman ruwa da ake gani a cikin
• da kuma a cikin yankunan yamma a cikin yanayin duniya, wanda aka sani da raƙuman ruwa na Rossby, ko raƙuman duniya. An nuna Rossby a bangon mujallar Time a ranar 17 ga Disamba, 1956, saboda gudummawar da ya bayar a fagen. Mafi kyaun kyautar na Amurka, wanda Rossby shima mai karɓa ne a shekarar 1953, ana mai suna bayansa ( Carl-Gustaf Rossby Bincike ).
• Ted Fujita, masanin yanayi na kasar Japan wanda ya shahara da karatunsa akan guguwa da fashewa, da kuma kirkiro ma'aunin Fujita. Da farko ya yi nazarin bam din nukiliya da aka jefa a Nagasaki, wanda ya taimaka masa wajen bincike a nan gaba kan fashe-fashe . Ya yi cikakken nazari kan abubuwan da suka faru na guguwa da yawa, yana ba da cikakkun bayanai kan yadda guguwa ta kasance da ƙarfi.
• Josh Wurman, mai bincike ne a cikin ilimin yanayi, misali a matsayin jagoran masana kimiyya na aikin VORTEX2 . Shi ma babban masanin yanayi ne akan jerin Storm Chasers na Discovery Channel.

Duba kuma

• Weather forecasting
• National Weather Service
• Certified Consulting Meteorologist
• List of meteorologists