Littafin Goan

Littafin Goan Goan tana da yawan jama'a kusan kimanin miliyan 1.4 da yanki mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 3,700 (mil 1,430 sq. miles). Ga ƙaramin yanki, yana da ayyukan ɗab'i mai yawa, mai yiyuwa a wani ɓangare saboda mutanensa suna rubutu a cikin yaruka da yawa—watakila har 13—da kuma saboda ɗimbin ƴan ƙasashen waje da ƴan gudun hijira na Goans da suka zauna a duk faɗin duniya.

Goan Literature

Daga cikin fitattun marubutan sa akwai Laxmanrao Sardessai (1904–1986) da R.V. Pandit (1917–1990), dukansu sun rubuta wakoki da larabci a cikin Marathi, Konkani, da Fotigal; Shenoi Goembab (1877-1946), wanda rubutun Konkani ya taimaka wajen kafa Konkani a matsayin harshen adabi na zamani; Ravindra Kelekar (1925–2010), wanda ya rubuta wasu daga cikin manyan adabin Konkani na karni na ashirin; da Pundalik Naik (an haife shi a shekara ta 1952), wanda littafinsa na 1977 Achev shine littafin Konkani na farko da aka fassara zuwa Turanci.

Tarihi

Books from Goa.

Goa shi ne wuri na farko a Asiya don samun injin bugu, wanda Jesuits suka kawo a 1556. Kusan duk littattafan Goan kafin lokacin an san cewa Portuguese sun lalata su a lokacin shigar da Inquisition. Da kyar za a iya lamunce sarakunan Portugal na Goa da rikodi na adabin Goan. Don haka, Goa ya yi doguwar soyayya tare da rubutacciyar kalma da bugu, ko da yake ci gaban ya kasance a hankali, kuma yana fuskantar matsaloli kamar hutun harshe da tantancewa.

Peter Nazareth ya nuna cewa Goans ya rubuta a cikin harsuna goma sha uku, wanda manyan daga cikinsu sune Konkani, Marathi, Turanci da Fotigal. Nazarat ta kwatanta Goans a matsayin 'dillalan al'adu':

Goans suna sasantawa tsakanin al'adu, Goans suna rayuwa tsakanin al'adu daban-daban, Goans matafiya ne daga wani yanki na duniya zuwa wani. Wannan, a ganina, ya faru lokacin da Gabas da Yamma suka hadu a Goans a karkashin matsin lamba tare da cin nasara na Portuguese. Tun daga wannan lokacin, amfanin mu ga duniya, a duk inda muke, shine mu iya fahimtar al'adu daban-daban kuma mu taimaka wa mutane daga al'adu daban-daban su fahimci juna. Lalacewar ita ce idan ba mu yi aiki a kai ba, za mu iya kawo karshen rashin sanin ko mu waye.

Rubutun adabi a Goa ya fara samun tsari a ƙarƙashin mulkin Portuguese da tasirinsa, wanda ke da alaƙa da Farfaɗowar Farko na ƙarni na goma sha tara, wanda ya ga sake dawo da manema labarai zuwa Goa, tare da faɗaɗa ilimin Portuguese. Littattafai na harshen Portuguese, kamar A Biblioteca de Goa (1839), O Enciclopédico (1841-1842), O Compilador (1843-1847), O Gabinete Literário das Fontainhas (1846-1848), A revista Ilustrativa (1848), 1857-1866) da kuma O Arquivo Portugués Oriental (1857-1866)', tare da Júlio Gonçalves's Ilustraçao Goana (1864-1866), yayin da sau da yawa ba su daɗe ba, sun ba da sabon ra'ayi ba kawai don yada littattafan Turai ba (ko dai a cikin Portuguese). ko a cikin fassarar), amma ya ba da damar girma ga Goans don buga rubuce-rubucen adabi da na ilimi.

Littafin farko da wani Goan ya buga shine Os Brahamanes (The Brahmans) na Francisco Luis Gomes, wanda aka buga a 1866.

Daga baya a karni na sha tara, rubutun yare ya fara fitowa da karfi, misali a Konkani, yaren gida da ake magana da shi. Marubucin Goan Shenoi Goembab (1877-1946) shine tushen haɓaka adabin Konkani na zamani. Harshen hukuma na yankin tun 1987, Konkani yanzu ana karatunsa a makarantu. Adabi na Konkani ya fito tare da saurin haɓakar adabin Marathi, wanda Goan R.V. Pandit ya kasance fitaccen mai magana. S. M. Tadkodkar, wanda jami'ar Goa ta ba shi digirin digirgir na digirin digirgir a kan Anant Kaakaba Priolkar, ya kara da cewa yayin da harshen Kannadd na lardin Karnataka ke mamaye al'adun Goan, harshen Marathi da al'adar Goans sun karbe shi. Yanzu, Marathi ya rungumi Goans kuma ba zai bar su ba, da son rai. Ana buga mafi girman adabi a Marathi. Akwai jaridun Marathi guda 8 da aka buga daga Goa. Shahararru daga cikinsu akwai Dianik Gomantak, Tarun Bharat, Lokamat, Navaprabha, Pudhari, Goadoot. Lokmat na Marathi na yau da kullun yana da mafi girman wurare dabam dabam (50000+) a tsakanin duk jaridu.

A ƙarshen karni na sha tara, hulɗa da yawa da ƙaura zuwa Indiya da Birtaniyya ke mulkin mallaka kuma sun ƙarfafa rubutun Goan na Ingilishi, tare da fursunoni na farko ciki har da Joseph Furtado. Edward D'Lima, wanda ya yi digirinsa na digiri a kan marubucin Goan Armando Menezes, ya yi jayayya cewa Goan rubutun a cikin Ingilishi ya koma ƙarshen karni na sha tara, lokacin da Goans ke ƙaura daga wannan mulkin mallaka na Portuguese don neman ayyuka a cikin Ingilishi mai girma. -masu magana da turawan mulkin mallaka na turawan ingila. Turanci shine watakila yaren adabin da ya fi tasiri a Goa: 'yawan ƙirƙira ya kunno kai a cikin adabin Goan a cikin Ingilishi tun 2000 a cikin almara da almara, wasan kwaikwayo da shayari'.

Marubuta Goan

Bayan Turanci, Konkani da Marathi, Goans, musamman na ƙarni na baya, sun ba da gudummawa sosai ga rubuce-rubuce a cikin Fotigal.

Suna	Kwanan wata	Babban harshe(s)	Babban tsari	Bayani
Ben Antao	1935-	Turanci	Almara
Walfrido Antão	1950s-1980s	Fotigal	Kananan Labarai
Carmo Azavedo		Fotigal		An lura don Daga Tip na Alkalami (Ao Bico da Pena).
Alexandre Moniz Barbosa		Turanci
Silviano C. Barbosa		Turanci	Alamra	Littafinsa Dare na shida ya ɗauke ku daga rayuwar almara ta musamman a cikin Goa na Portuguese a cikin 1950s har zuwa Toronto, Kanada.
Adeodato Barreto	1905-37	Fotigal	Waka
Floriano Barreto
Uday Bhembré		Konkani	kananan Labarai
Alfredo Bragança		Fotigal	Waka
Luís de Menezes Bragança	1878–1938	Fotigal	Dan Jarida
José Rangel	1930–2004	Fotigal	Waka	Har ila yau, mai mallakar ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun injinan bugu na Goa da gidajen wallafe-wallafen Tipografia Rangel.
Mário da Silva Coelho		Fotigal	Waka
José da Silva Coelho	1889–1944	Fotigal	Kananan Labarai	Goa mafi kyawun marubucin almara na harshen Portuguese.
Alvaro da Costa		Fotigal	Dan Jarida
Suneeta Peres Da Costa	1976-	Turanci	Almara	Marubuciya 'yar Australiya ce ta zuriyar Goan, an lura da ita don aikinta na gida.
Amadeo Prazeres da Costa		Fotigal	Dan Jarida
Francisco João "GIP" da Costa	1859–1900	Fotigal	Kananan Labarai
Orlando Costa	1929–2006	Fotigal	Waka da Rubutu
Maria Aurora Couto		Turanci	Almara
Joao da Veiga Coutinho	1918–2015	Turanci		An lura don Wani nau'in Rashi: Rayuwa a cikin Inuwar Tarihi.
Nandita da Cunha		Turanci	Almara
Ananta Rau Sar Dessai	1910	Fotigal	Waka	Fitaccen marubucin Fotigal na Goa a tsakiyar karni na ashirin.
Vimala Devi (pseudonym of Teresa de Almeida)	1932-	Portuguese, Catalan, Esperanto		Fitaccen mai sukar adabi na Lusophone Goan kuma babban marubuci.
Paulino Dias	1874–1919
Sonia Faleiro	1977-	Turanci
Agostinho Fernandes	1932–2015	Fotigal	Rubutu	Mawallafin mabuɗin labari bayan samun yancin kai, Bodki (1962).
Caridade Damaciano Fernandes	1904–1948	Konkani	Rubutu	Mawallafin almara na farko a Konkani.
Joseph Furtado	1872–1947	Turanci, Fotigal	Waka
Philip Furtado
Shenoi Goembab	1877–1946	Konkani	Fassaran Wakoki
António (J. Anthony) Gomes		Turanci	Waka	Mawallafin waƙa na New York: hangen nesa daga Grymes Hill da kuma wani littafi mai ban sha'awa, The Sting of Peppercorns, wanda Goa 1556 ya buga, Mirrored Reflection (tarin wakoki) wanda Goa 1556 & Fundacao Oriente ya buga, 2013.
Francisco Luis Gomes	1829–1869	Fotigal		Mawallafin marubucin Goan na farko.
Olivinho Gomes	1943–2009	Konkani, Fotigal ,Turanci	Waka, Da rubutu
Júlio Gonçalves	1846–1896	Fotigal	Kananan Labarai
Mariano Gracias
Ravindra Kelekar	1925–2010	Konkani	Alamara
Amita Kanekar	1965-	Turanci	Rubutu
Violet Dias Lannoy	1925–1973	Turanci	Kananan rubutu
Lino Leitão	1930–2008	Turanci	Kananan Labarai	tushen a Arewacin Amurka
Fanchu Loyola	1891–1973	Fotigal	Dan Jarida	Daya daga cikin manyan masu fafutukar 'yancin kai na Goa.
Lambert Mascarenhas	1914–2021	Turanci
Margaret Mascarenhas		Turanci	Almara
Telo Mascarenhas	1899–1979	Fotigal	Dan Jarida
Damodar Mauzo	1944-	Konkani	Almara
Nascimento Mendonça	1884–1927	Fotigal		Ta hanyar Mythical Ayodhya.
Armando Menezes	1902–1983
Dom Morães	1938–2004	Turanci	Waka
Pundalik Naik	1952-	Konkani	Marubuci	Ya rubuta novel Konkani na farko da za a fassara shi zuwa Turanci.
Peter Nazareth	1940-	Turanci	Almara	Wani marubucin Goan daga Uganda, wanda aka lura da shi don labari The General Is Up tare da sukar wallafe-wallafe.
Alberto de Noronha	1920–2006	Fotigal	Fassara
Carmo Noronha		Fotigal		Ayyuka sun haɗa da Contracorrente (Panjim, Goa: 1991) da Escalvando na Belga (Panjim. Goa: 1993).
Frederick Noronha	1963	Turanci	Dan Jarida
Leslie de Noronha		Turanci	Almara
Epitácio Pais	1928–2009	Fotigal	Kananan Labarai
R. V. Pandit	1917–1990	Marathi, Konkani, Fotigal	Waka	Mafi yawansu sun yi bikin ne saboda ɗimbin ayyukan waƙarsa a Konkani.
Prakash S. Pariekar		Fotigal
Vasco Pinho	1942-
Floriano Pinto		Fotigal	Waka
Jerry Pinto	1966-	Turanci	Waka
Victor Rangel Ribeiro	1925-	Turanci	Almara
Leopoldo da Rocha		Fotigal		Mawallafin Casa Grande e Outras Recordações de um velho Goês (Lisbon: Vega, 2008).
Maria Elsa da Rocha	1924–2007	Fotigal	Kananan Labarai
Alberto de Meneses Rodrigues	1904–1971	Fotigal	Almara
Augusto do Rosário Rodrigues	1910-?1999	Fotigal	Kananan Labarai
Abhay Sardesai			Fassara Waka
Manohar Sardesai		Fotigal	Waka
Laxmanrao Sardessai	1904–1986	Marathi, Konkani, Fotigal	Waka	Ana ɗaukar ɗayan mafi kyawun marubutan Marathi na Goa.
Melanie Silgardo	1956-		Waka
Frank Simoes	1937–2002	Turanci	Yada Labarai da Jarids
Carmo D'Souza		Turanci	Almara	Mawallafin Identity na Angela's Goan, Portugal A cikin Neman Identity da sauran littattafai. A cikin lacca na baya-bayan nan, D'Souza da kansa ya bibiyi hotunan 'yan asalin, da tasirin Portuguese akan rubutun Goan.
Eunice De Souza	1940–2017	Turanci	Waka	Mumbai na asali.
S. M. Tadkodkar		class="wikitable"
Turanci

, Konkani, Marathi

|Bincike Akan Waka |Mawallafin Goan Kirista Marathi Vilapika A Lokacin Karni na 17 (2010); Farfesa da Shugaban, Sashen Koyarwar Karatu da Bincike a Marathi, Jami'ar Goa. |}

Albarkatu don da game da marubutan Goan

Central Library, Panjim (Panaji), Goa, India

Ma'ajiyar cibiyoyin jami'ar Goa, harsuna da sashin adabi

• Goa Archives
• Fundação Oriente, ƙungiyar al'adun Portuguese na tushen Panjim, wanda ya taimaka wa wasu marubuta da ƙananan tallafi na 'yan dubun rupees.
• Laburare na Jami'ar Goa: Tana da tarin tarin yawa a cikin yarukan Konkani, Marathi, Ingilishi, Fotigal, Faransanci. Yana da tsoffin rubuce-rubucen hannu, microfilms da kwafi na ƙarni na 17 a Goa.
• Laburaren Tsakiyar Jihar Goa, wanda Gwamnatin Goa ke tafiyar da shi, shine ɗakin karatu mafi tsufa a Kudancin Asiya. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɗakunan ajiya da aka buga da suka shafi harsunan Goan da adabi tun ƙarni na sha bakwai.

Goa Arts and Literary Festival

Goa Arts and Literary Festival (GALF) biki ne mara riba wanda masu sa kai suka shirya. An gudanar da bugu na farko na GALF a cikin 2010. Bikin na kwanaki uku yana da muhawara, laccoci da tattaunawa kan fasaha, kiɗa, daukar hoto, jawo manyan masu sauraro daga ko'ina cikin duniya a Cibiyar Goa ta Duniya, Dona Paula.

Bibliography

• COSTA, Aleixo Manuel da. Dicionário de literatura goesa. Instituto Cultural de Macau, Fundação Oriente, 3 v., 1997.
• DEVI, Vimala, & SEABRA, Manuel de. A literatura indo-portuguesa. Junta de Investigações do Ultramar, 2 v., 1971.
• NAZARETH, Peter (ed.). "Goan Literature: A Modern Reader", Journal of South Asian Literature Winter-Spring 1983.

Manazarta

Samfuri:Note"Goan Literature: A Modern Reader", Journal of South Asian Literature Winter-Spring 1983

Samfuri:NoteTranslated in Manohar Shetty's Ferry Crossing

Duba

• Konkani language
• Konkani words from other languages

Mahadan Waje

• Goabooks site
• Archive of Goan Writing in Portuguese