Ibn al-Rif'ah

Najm al-Dīn Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Rifʿa (Larabci: ابن الرفعة‎), wanda aka fi sani da Ibn al-Rif'ah ana daukarsa a matsayin babban malamin fikihu Shafi'i a Mamluk Masar. Jama’a da dama sun yaba masa saboda kwarewarsa a fannin Fiqhu da Hadisi. An san shi musamman don sharhin ayyukan shari'a na farko. Ibn Taimiyyah ya ce: "Na ga wani dattijo mai fikihu Shafi'iyya yana digo daga gemunsa" yana nuna tekun ilimi da zurfin iliminsa a cikin mazhabar Shafi'iyya. Shahararren malamin Ibn al-Rif'ah shi ne Ibn Daqiq al-'id kuma shahararren dalibinsa shi ne Taki al-Din al-Subki.

Ibn al-Rif'ah
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	1247
Mutuwa	1310 (Gregorian)
Sana'a

Suna da Halin

Shi ne Ahmed Ibn Mohammed Ibn Ali Ibn Murtafaa Ibn Hazem Ibn Ibrahim Ibn Abbas al-Ansari al-Mukhari al-Shafi'i . An san shi sosai ga Ibn al-Rif'ah wanda aka danganta shi ga kakansa na biyu Murtafaa (Ibn Qazi) kuma ya tafi da laƙabi Abu Abbas .

Rayuwa

An haifi Ibn al-Rif'ah a tsohuwar birnin Masar da ake kira Fustat a (645 AH / 1247 AD). Da yake a karkashin kewaye kuma matalauta, Ibn al-Rif'ah ya fara sana'a da ba ta dace da shi ba. Taqi al-Din al-Sayegh ne ya dauki nauyinsa, wanda kuma ya nuna nadama game da bukatar gaggawa. Al-Sayegh ne ya ba da shawarar ga alƙalin. Bai kammala karatunsa a wata ma'aikata ba; maimakon haka, ya halarci karatu daban-daban. Lokaci-lokaci, ana buƙatar ya bar Alkahira don halartar azuzuwan kimiyya na hadisi; ɗayan irin wannan tafiya shine zuwa Alexandria don ya kasance kusa da malaminsa, Al-Galilee Ibn Sawaf . Ya koyar a wasu makarantu a lokacin aikinsa, ciki har da Makarantar Al-Maaziya a Misira, Makarantar Al'Tiberias, da sauransu. Daga nan sai ya yi murabus daga matsayinsa na malami don yin aiki a matsayin mai sa kai ga Sheikh Najm Al-Din al-Balsi a matsayin albarka. Bugu da kari, ya rike mukamai da yawa a bangaren shari'a na jihar kafin a ba shi iko da gwamnatin Masar kuma ya jagoranci ƙungiyar addini ta ƙasar sama da shekaru takwas har zuwa mutuwarsa. An sanya shi aiki, ya yi aiki a kan rarrabuwa kuma ya rarraba wasu rarrabuwa, ya amfana daga Islama da Musulmai, yana da sha'awar kimiyya da ilimi, kuma yana da haɗin gwiwa wanda ya sa ya zama mai raɗaɗi a gare shi kawai ya sa tufafi. Duk da haka, koyaushe yana aiki da karatu.

Mutuwa

Mai shari'a Najm al-Din Ibn al-Rif'ah ya mutu a Alkahira, Misira, a daren Jumma'a, na goma sha biyu na Rajab na shekara (710 AH / 1310 AD). Ya kasance kusan shekaru sittin da biyu kuma an binne shi a Al-Qarafah (Khatib).

Kyauta

Ibn al-Rif'ah ya girma ne a cikin iyalin Musulmai da talakawa, amma wannan bai hana shi neman aiki a kimiyya ba. A matsayinsa na dalibi na kimiyya, ya ci gaba, yana aiki har sai ya sami ƙwarewar shari'a kuma ya zama sananne da shi. Jamal al-Din al-Isnawi ya ce: "A cikin al'adar wasu lauyoyi an sanya hannu tare da kalmar shari'a, har ma ya zama bayanin kula idan aka ambaci shi" tare da shiga cikin wasu kimiyyar kamar Larabci da asalinsa, idan lauyan da aka saki masa bai shiga cikin lokacinsa ba.

Ya kasance abin mamaki a ambaton maganganun Sahaba, musamman idan ba a bayyana su ba. Ya kuma kasance abin mamaki game da fahimtar rubutun Shafi'i da ikonsa na bayyana su. Ya kuma kasance mai ba da agaji ga ɗalibai kuma mai basira, mai basira wanda ke da ƙwarewa a cikin rukunan da rassanta, ya yi karatu kuma ya ba da ra'ayoyin shari'a na shekaru da yawa, kuma gabaɗaya ya taimaka wa ɗaliban Shafi'i. Daga ƙarshe, ya kula da Shari'a na yau kuma ya ci gaba da aiki ba tare da gajiya ba har sai Allah "Mai Iko" ya ɗauke shi.

Karɓuwa

Ibn Tulun ya ce "Masanin kimiyya Sheikh, Sheikh na Islama, kuma mai ɗaukar tutar Shafi'is a lokacinsa".

Ayyuka

Al-Matlab fi Sharh al-Wasit', wanda Ibn al-Rif'ah ya rubuta a cikin kundin 60, shine mafi mahimmancin sharhi game da al-Wisit ta al-Ghazali. Ya kuma rubuta Jawahir al-Bahr al-Muhbit wanda ya kasance taƙaitaccen bayani game da wani sharhi na al-Wasit da ake kira Bahr al-Mahit na Najm al-Din Ahmad al-Qamuli (d. 1327).

Ya rubuta Kifayat al-Nabih Sharh Al-Tanbih' a cikin kundin 21 wanda shine sanannen sharhi game da Al-Tanbih ta Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi .

Ibn al-Rif'ah ya rubuta fatwa mai taken Risala fi l'kanais wa-l-biya a cikin 1301, sannan a cikin 1307 ya rubuta wani taƙaitaccen mai taken al-Nafa'is fi Hadm al-Kana'is (abubuwa masu daraja game da rushewar majami'u), wanda aka fi sani da Kitab al-Nafaa'is fi Adillat Hadm al'is .

 

Haɗin waje

• Tarihin rayuwar Ibn al-Rif'ah a cikin ƙamus na tarihin rayuwa da yawa (a cikin Larabci) An adana shi Archived. yau