Hoton dutse na Mandara

Mosaic na Mandara Plateau, wanda kuma aka sani da gandun daji na Mandara Plateau, yanki ne na wurare masu zafi, savannas, da shrublands ecoregion dake cikin tsaunin Mandara na arewacin Najeriya da Kamaru.

Dutsin

tasiran mandara

Yanayin ƙasa

Wannan zagayen ya shafi tsaunin Mandara, wanda ke kan iyakar arewacin Najeriya da arewacin Kamaru. Kolo mafi girma shine Mont Oupay a Kamaru, wanda ya kai tsayin mita 1,494. Yawancin ecoregion yana tsakanin tsayin mita 1000 zuwa 1200. Ecoregion ya haɗa da manyan filayen, wuraren Filato da ke sama da mita 1200, da manyan tsaunuka

Duwatsun sun hada da dutse na dā. Ƙasa gabaɗaya ba ta da abinci mai gina jiki kuma ba ta da amfani.

Kwarin Kogin Benue yana kudu, kuma yankunan da ke kewaye da shi suna zubar da kudancin tsaunuka. Yankin arewacin yana gudana zuwa arewa zuwa cikin Tafkin Chadi.

Yanayi

Ecoregion yana da yanayi na wurare masu zafi na savanna, wanda aka daidaita shi da tsayi. Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara ya bambanta daga 800 zuwa 1000 mm ya danganta da wurin. Yawancin ruwan sama yana faɗuwa a cikin dogon lokacin damina daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba, sauran shekara kuma ta bushe.

Tsire-tsire

Bude gandun daji, wanda itacen Isoberlinia doka ta mamaye, sun kasance galibin al'ummar tsiro a cikin yankin, amma gabaɗaya ɓarke ​​​​da ƙasƙantattun wuraren daji sun kasance. A cikin dazuzzukan da ba su da inganci, bishiyoyin suna kai tsayin mita 12 zuwa 18, kuma tsayin bishiyar ya kai 50% ko fiye. Ciyawa, ciki har da nau'in Andropogon da Beckeropsis, sun fi yawa a cikin ƙasa da ƙasa.

Wuraren mafi tsayi, daga tsayin mita 1,200 zuwa mita 1,494, gida ne ga gaurayawan nau'in tsaunuka (Sudaniyya) da montane da submontane (Afromontane), gami da wasu da ba kasafai ba. Dabbobi masu tsayi sun haɗa da manyan bishiya mai kama da Euphorbia desmondi da bishiyar Olea hochstetteri da Pittosporum viridiflorum

Dabbobi

Dabbobi 'yan asalin tsaunuka sun haɗa da dutsen yammacin dutse (Redunca fulvorufula adamauae) da kuma yawan mutanen da ke haifuwa na Rüppell's griffin vulture (Gyps rueppelli) da kuma Masar vulture (Neophron percnopterus).

Duwatsun suna da dabbobi masu rarrafe guda uku, Dutsen Lefo chameleon (Trioceros wiedersheimi), Mabuya langheldi, da gecko na bango na Afirka (Tarentola ephippiata).

Mutane

Tsaunukan Mandara suna da yawan jama'a masu yawa, duk da yanayin yanayin ƙasa da ƙarancin ƙasa. A tarihi tsaunuka sun kasance mafaka ga mutanen da ke adawa da cin nasara ko bautar da jihohi ke yi a filayen da ke kewaye, kuma tsaunukan suna daɗaɗa nau'ikan harsuna da addinan gargajiya. Mutanen yankin sun ɓullo da tsarin aikin noma mai ƙarfi wanda ya haɗa da gina filaye da matakan riƙewa da haɓaka haɓakar ƙasa. Tumaki, awaki, da shanu na gida ana ajiye su a cikin alƙalami a lokacin noman amfanin gona, kuma ana ajiye takinsu a filayen bayan kowace girbi. Ana barin dabbobin gida su yi kiwo a kan ciyawar ciyawar bayan girbi don tabbatar da cewa taki ya yi takin gonakin. Ana amfani da sharar gida, ɗan adam, da shuka don inganta ƙasa akan filaye. Juyawa amfanin gona tsakanin dawa, gero, da legumes na kula da amfanin ƙasa kuma yana rage kwari. Ana amfani da bishiyoyi don inuwa, fodder, da koren taki. Khaya senegalensis da Acacia albida sune mafi mahimmanci, tare da wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan 30.

Barazana da killacewa

Matsalolin da ke fuskantar yankin sun samo asali ne daga aikin gona mai tsanani kuma sun haɗa da kiwo mai nauyi, tattara itace, da konewa, waɗanda suka share kusan dukkanin yankin.

Yankunan da aka killace

Gidan shakatawa na Mozogo-Gokoro da kuma Gidan shakata na Mayo-Louti a Kamaru sun rufe ƙananan yankuna na tsaunuka. Manyan tsaunuka, waɗanda suke da sha'awar halittu mafi girma, ba a kare su ba.

Mozogo-Goroko National Park yana da yanki na 14.0 km2. Gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta Faransa ce ta keɓe shi a cikin gandun daji a shekara ta 1932, kuma Jamhuriyar Kamaru ta keɓe wurin shakatawa na ƙasa a cikin 1968. An hana konewa da kiwo a cikin dajin shekaru da yawa, kuma an rufe shi a cikin mosaic mai yawa don buɗewa. busassun dazuzzukan, gandun daji na gallery tare da magudanan ruwa na yanayi, da kurmi. Manyan bishiyoyi sun hada da Senegalia atxacantha, Anogeissus leiocarpa, Tamarindus indica, Psorospermum senegalense, Clerodendrum capitatum, da Celtis toka. Gidan shakatawa yana ɗaukar nau'i-nau'i 110 daga nau'in tsire-tsire na 46 da iyalai 30 da kuma nau'in 114 na dabbobi masu shayarwa, tsuntsaye, dabbobi masu rarrafe, da amphibians. Furen galibi nau'in Sahel ne maras bushewa, amma kuma ya haɗa da nau'in Sudan da Guinea waɗanda ke da yanayin yankuna masu ɗanɗano..

Dajin Mayo-Louti (60km2) ya ta'allaka ne akan manyan filayen gabashin babban sarkar tsaunuka. Kogin Mayo-Louti shine iyakar yammacin wurin ajiyar, kuma kogin Mayo-Wanday ya zama gabas. Wurin ajiye galibi busasshen gandun daji na savanna ne tare da nau'ikan Isoberlinia, Piliostigma, Crossopteryx, da Bishiyoyin Cussonia, da Khaya senegalensis da ke tsiro tare da koguna uku da ke gudana daga arewa waɗanda ke ɗaure ko ketare ajiyar.

Wasu daga cikin al'ummomin yankin suna adana yankunan gandun daji a matsayin bishiyoyi masu tsarki, waɗanda ke kiyayewa ta hanyar ka'idojin gargajiya kamar totems, taboos, da tatsuniyoyi waɗanda ke hana cin zarafin ɗan adam. Binciken da aka yi game da tsattsarkan itace kusa da ƙauyen Mouhour, kilomita ɗaya a kudancin Mokolo, ya gano cewa itacen yana da nau'ikan nau'ikan shuke-shuke masu yawa, carbon stock, da kuma bishiyoyi.