Harshen Qimant

Harshen Qimant yare ne mai haɗari sosai wanda ƙananan tsofaffi na mutanen Qemant a arewacin Habasha ke magana, galibi a cikin Chilga woreda a Gondar_Zone" id="mwDw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Semien Gondar Zone">Yankin Semien Gondar tsakanin Gondar da Metemma.

Harshen Qimant
Dangin harshen	Afroasiatic (en) Cushitic (en) Agaw (en) Harshen Qimant
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3	ahg
Glottolog	qima1242

Rabe-rabe

Harshen na reshen yamma na harsunan Agaw ne. Sauran nau'ikan (bacewa) na wannan reshe sune Qwara da Kayla . Tare da duk wasu harsunan Kushitic, Qimant na cikin dangin harshen Afroasiatic .

Rarraba yanki da yanayin zamantakewa

Qimant shine asalin harshen al'ummar Qemant na shiyyar Gonder ta Arewa, Habasha. Kodayake yawan al'ummar Qemant ya kai 172,327 a ƙidayar 1994, kaɗan ne kawai daga cikin waɗannan ke magana da yaren a zamanin yau. Duk masu magana suna zaune ko dai a yankunan Chilga ko Lay Armachiho . Yawan masu jin yaren farko 1,625 ne, adadin masu jin yare na biyu 3,450. Duk masu magana da harshen sun girmi shekaru 30, kuma fiye da 75% sun girmi shekaru 50. Harshen ba a sake isar da shi ga masu magana na gaba. Mafi yawan al'ummar Qemant suna magana da Amharic . Qimant ba a magana a bainar jama'a ko ma cikin gida a matsayin hanyar sadarwa ta yau da kullun, amma an mayar da shi zuwa lambar sirri.

Yaruka/Iri

Ba a bayyana ko yaya Kayla, Qwara, da Qimant suka kasance yarukan Yaren Agaw guda ɗaya ba, ko kuma harsunan da suka bambanta da juna.

Fassarar sauti

Consonants

Wayoyin baki

		Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar
					a fili	lab.
Nasal		m	n		ŋ	ŋʷ
M	mara murya		t	tʃ	k	kʷ
	murya	b	d	dʒ	ɡ	ɡʷ
Ƙarfafawa	mara murya	f	s	ʃ	χ	χʷ
	murya		z		ɣ	ɣʷ
Taɓa			r
Kusanci			l	j		w

Za'a iya fitar da abubuwan da ke ci gaba da magana-tsakaici.

Wasula

Wayoyin wasali

	Gaba	Tsakiya	Baya
Kusa	i ⟨ i ⟩	ɨ ⟨ ⟩	u ⟨ ⟩
Tsakar		ə	o
Bude		a

Wasan kwaikwayo

Matsakaicin tsarin silsilar a Qimant shine CVC, wanda ke nuna cewa gungu na baƙaƙe ana ba da izinin kalma-tsakaici kawai. A cikin kalmomin lamuni daga Amharic kuma ana iya samun baƙaƙe-gungu a cikin silsilar. Ba a ba da izinin gungu na wasali ba.

Hanyoyin sauti

Tarin baƙon da ke da fiye da baƙaƙe biyu ana tarwatsewa ta hanyar saka wasalin epenthetic /ɨ/</link> . Sauran tsarin sautin sauti sune haɗuwa da hanci da kuma cinye /ɡ/</link> a kalmomin iyakoki.

Prosody

Har yanzu ba a yi nazarin abubuwan da suka shafi Qimant ba.

Nahawu

Ilimin Halitta

Tsarin alama na sirri yana bambanta tsakanin mutum ɗaya ɗaya da jam'i, mutum na biyu maɗaukaki, ladabi, da jam'i, da mutum na uku na namiji, mace da jam'i. A kan fi'ili, duk nau'ikan juzu'i suna da alamar suffixes. Zelealem (2003, p. 192) ya bayyana nau'i). Kamar a cikin sauran harsunan Kushitic na tsakiya, lambobi ɗaya zuwa tara suna komawa ne zuwa wani tsohon tsarin quinary, inda karimin /-ta/</link> aka kara da lambobi biyu zuwa hudu sakamakon a lamba shida zuwa tara  (2-4 lambobi uku ne, 6-9 lambobi huɗu ne).

Daidaitawa

Asalin tsarin tsari a Qimant, kamar a cikin duk sauran harsunan Afro-Asiatic na Habasha, shine SOV. Kasancewar tsarin alamar shari'a yana ba da damar wasu, ƙarin umarni masu alama. A cikin jumlar suna, sunan kai yana bin masu gyara ta. Lambobi, duk da haka, na iya bin suna na kai. Duk nau'in juzu'i na ƙasa suna gaba da babban fi'ili na jumlar.

Kalmomi

Sakamakon mutuwar harshen da ke kunno kai, an riga an maye gurbin abubuwa da yawa na ƙamus da kalmomin Amharic .

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Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

• Duniya Atlas na Tsarin Harshe bayanai akan Kemant