Harshen Ebrié

Ebrié
Yanki	Abidjan
Dangin harshen	Nnijer–Kongo Atlantic–Congo Kwa Potou–Tano Potou Ebrié; ; ; ; ;
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	ebri1238

Ebrié, ko Cama (Caman, Kyama, TChaman, Tsama, Tyama), mutanen Tchaman ne ke magana da shi a Ivory Coast da Ghana. Harshen Potou ne na reshen Kwa na dangin yarukan Nijar-Congo.

Fasahar sauti

Inventory na sauti

Ma'anar
	Labari	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Labarin-velar
Fortis, ba tare da murya ba	ph [ph]	th [th]	ch [ch, tʃ]	kh [kh]
Fortis, da aka bayyanamurya	b	d	ɟ [ɟ, dʒ]	g	gb [g͡b]
Lenis, ba tare da murya ba	p	t	c	k	kp [k͡p]
Lenis, ya bayyana	ɓ [ɓ, m]	ɗ [ɗ, l, r, n]	j [j, ɲ]		w [w, ŋw]
Rashin jituwa	f/ (v)	s/ (z)		h [x, h]

[v] da [z] suna da iyaka kuma suna faruwa ne kawai a cikin kalmomin aro.

Sautin
	Magana			Hanci
Kusa	i		u
Tsakanin	da kuma		o	ɛ̃		O.A.
Bude	ɛ	a	Owu		ã

Babu alamun consonant na hanci a Ebrié. haka, wasulan hanci suna haifar da jerin sassan lenis [ɓ, ɗ, j, w] don shiga cikin [m, n, ɲ, ŋw].

Sauti

Ebrié yana da sautunan matakin biyu (H da L) da sautin da ke fadowa (HL). ^[2] ila yau, yana da sautunan da ke iyo, kuma sautunan fortis da aka furta suna da halin rage sautin sautin.

Yanayin Yanayi

Gabatarwa na farko

Abubuwan da ke cikin suna a cikin Ebrié suna rarrabe tsakanin wasu homophones da kuma tsakanin nau'ikan guda da jam'i. farko, wannan tsarin zai kasance mafi ƙarfi, kamar yadda aka gani a wasu yarukan Nijar-Congo.

Abubuwan da aka ambata guda huɗu sune á-, à-, ɛ , da ɛ Kennedy-. Biyu na ƙarshe, waɗanda sautin hanci ne, Sanya iya gane su a matsayin sautin hansi, wanda aka fassara a matsayin ː́- da ː́́- amma an rubuta su a matsayin <n> . </n>

Sunayen da ke da prefixes
Gabatarwa	Sunan suna	Haske
A-	Abhokhà̃	hazo
zuwa-	A cikin lokaci	tururuwa na ruwa
Ta yi amfani da ita wajen	Sanyi	kasusuwa
Hanyoyin da za a yi amfani da su	Wannan shi ne	uba

Sunan na biyu a cikin fili yana riƙe da prefix dinsa, kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.

cámã́ 'Ebriés' + ńcã̀ 'harshe' → cámã́ǹcã̀' 'harshe na Ebrié'
Bayyanawa da 'wuta' + ńthù 'sand' → ńtɛǹthù 'ash'

Sunayen da yawa

Ana iya sanya sunaye a jam'i ta hanyar amfani da prefixes na suna ko suffixes na jam'i. Wasu sunaye daidai ba ne ko kuma ba su canzawa ba.

Lokacin da sunan mutum ɗaya ya fara da prefix á- ko à-, nau'in jam'iyyarsa zai sami prefix ń- ko NB- bi da bi. Idan sunan mutum ɗaya ba shi da prefix, sau da yawa zai sami prefix ń- a cikin jam'i. Sauran sunaye suna ɗaukar ɗaya daga c ƙididdigar jam'i -má̃, -hɔ́̃, ko -má̃hɔ̀̃ .

áyá /ájá/ 'itace' → ńyá /ńjá/ 'tace'
gban /àg͡bã́/ 'farantin' → ngbán /ǹg͡bã́ / 'farantin
lalabhô [làɓô] 'duck' → ńlalabho [ńlàɓô) 'ducks'
Uwargidan Uwargwadon
nmyah [ɔnǹmjã̂hɔ Kennedy] 'maza'

Sunayen batutuwa

A cikin Ebrié, ana samun alamun lokaci / fasalin / yanayi a kan aikatau ko a matsayin nau'o'i daban-daban idan batun shine sunan ko wakilci na jam'i. Wakilan batutuwa gu^[2] ɗaya sun haɗu da alamun TAM, wanda ke haifar da canje-canje na morphophonemic.

Misaliː

Harshen (1SG) + ɓâ (FUT) → mã̀ã́ (1SG.FUT) ^[2]

Sunayen batutuwa ^[2]
	Mai banbanci	Yawancin mutane
1	Harkokin waje	L'A
2	ɛ́	Ya yi amfani da shi
3	Ana samun sa	Wato

Rubuce-rubuce

Ebrié yare ne na SVO, kamar yadda aka gani a cikin misali mai zuwa.

Ya ce ya fito ne daga Kpakon
Yayo yana cinyewa.Gurasar PROG
'Yayo yana cin burodi. '^[2]

Rubutun kalmomi

Harshen haruffa
Alamar	IPA	Misali	Rubuce-rubuce	Haske
a	/a/	Ya kasance	/já/	itace
shekara	/ã/	afan	/aphan/	ƙanshi
b	/b/	Bayan aiki	/bɔ́/	gashin tsuntsaye
bh	/ɓ/	Abwe	/áɓwè/	Canari
c	/c/	Harkokin Kasuwanci	Yaren mutanen da suka fito	tsuntsaye
ch	/ch/	Chralá	[chràlá]	pangolin
d	/d/	daga	/dù/	maciji
da kuma	/e/	nai	[Nuna]	yam
ɛ	/ɛ/	A ranar da aka yi amfani da ita	/adɛ́/	itacen dabino
Bayyanawa	/ɛ̃/	Atɛn	/yawun da aka yi amfani da shi	wuta
f	/f/	afhon	[Abubuwan da suka shafi]	reshe
g	/g/	gwe	/Yana/	teku
gb	/g͡b/	Haraji	/àg͡bù/	bindiga
h	/h/	Hanyar Hanyar Harshe	/yaƙin neman zaɓe	axis
i	/i/	ḿbi	[ḿbì]	ganye
j	/ɟ/	JON	[ǹɟɔ]	abokai
k	/k/	akran	[akrã̀]	kwalban
kh	/kh/	Akhon	Yaren mutanen da suka yi	mashi
kp	/k͡p/	Kayan aiki	[ák͡pró]	hat
l	[l, ɗ]	Ainya	[Wani ne]	harshe
m	[m]	Cun'ad da ya fi sani	[Mutumin da ya dace]	Na
n	[n]	Nisha	[Nuna da ke cikin]	kwari
o	/o/	Akhoho	/ákhòkhò/	baya
Owu	/ɔ/	Bayani	/awɔ́/	cat
Ciwon zuciya	/ɔ̃/	Akwatin	/Abin da ya yi amfani da shi	kifi
p	/p/	A cikin ƙasa	[Ayyuka]	soyayya
ph	/ph/	lephan	[Lefã̀]	wani
r	[r]	ahran	[Ahrã̀]	jirgin ruwa
s	/s/	Yana da	/sɛ́/	Mutumin
t	/t/	Atta	/atà/	Zagi
th	/th/	Atha	[Haka]	yaƙi
u	/u/	ńdu	[Sashe da]	ruwa
v	(v)	Nvra	[ǹvrà]	appatam
w	/w/	Awɔ́	/áwɔ́/	goma
da kuma	/j/	Rufewa	Bayani da suka yi	mai kyau
z	/z/	Ya zama mai suna	[ǹzrɔ]	jaka

Babban sautin yana da alama tare da babbar murya (ájí 'girmamawa'), kuma ƙananan sautin ba a san shi ba (aji 'layya'). Sautin da ke fadowa yana da alama tare da circumflex (â).

Ana amfani apostrophe (') don nuna alamar al'ada ta aikatau.

Bayanan da aka ambata

↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Ebrie". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Empty citation (help) Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content

[Glottolog-1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Ebrie". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[:1-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Empty citation (help) Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content

[1]

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