Daular

Daular sarauta ita ce jerin masu mulki daga iyali ɗaya, yawanci a cikin tsarin tsarin sarauta, amma wani lokacin kuma yana bayyana a cikin jumhuriya . Hakanan ana iya kiran daular a matsayin " gida ", " iyali " ko " dangi ", da sauransu.

Masana tarihi sun tsara tarihin jihohi da wayewa da yawa, irin su Iran Tsohuwar (3200-539 BC), Tsohuwar Masar (3100-30 BC), da tsohuwar daular China (2070 BC - AD 1912), ta hanyar amfani da tsarin daular da suka biyo baya. Don haka, ana iya amfani da kalmar “daular” don iyakance zamanin da iyali suka yi sarauta.

Kafin karni na 18, yawancin dauloli a ko'ina cikin duniya an yi la'akari da su bisa ga al'ada, kamar waɗanda ke bin dokar Salic na Faransa . A cikin siyasar da aka ba da izini, gado ta hanyar diya yakan kafa sabuwar daular a cikin sunan dangin mijinta. Wannan ya canza a duk sauran masarautu na Turai, inda dokokin maye gurbinsu da tarurruka suka ci gaba da yin suna de jure ta hanyar mace.

Siyasar dimokuradiyya ta ragu a tsawon lokaci, saboda raguwar sarauta a matsayin tsarin gwamnati, haɓakar dimokuradiyya, da raguwa a cikin dimokuradiyya na zaɓaɓɓun membobin da suka fito daga iyalai. ^[1]

Kalmomi

Kalmar "daular" (daga Greek </link> , dynasteía "iko", "Ubangiji", daga dynástes "mai mulki") wani lokaci ana amfani da shi ba bisa ka'ida ba ga mutanen da ba masu mulki ba amma, alal misali, 'yan uwa ne masu tasiri da iko a wasu wurare, kamar jerin masu mallakar babban kamfani, ko kowane iyali da ke da gado, kamar daular mawaƙa ko ƴan wasan kwaikwayo. Har ila yau, ana ba da shi ga mutanen da ba su da dangantaka, kamar manyan mawaƙa na makaranta ɗaya ko jerin sunayen kungiyoyi daban-daban na ƙungiyar wasanni guda ɗaya.

Iyalin dynastic ko zuriya za a iya sanin su da "gida mai daraja", wanda za a iya sawa a matsayin " sarauta ", " sarauta ", " sarauta ", " ducal ", " comital " ko " baronial ", dangane da shugaba ko na yanzu suna da membobinsa, amma ana kiransa sau da yawa ta hanyar ƙara sunan bayan haka, kamar a cikin " House of Habsburg ".

Ma'anarsa

Gidan sarautar Spain na gidan Bourbon ya samo asali ne daga daular Capetian na karni na 9, don haka ya sa ta zama daula mafi tsufa a Turai (hoton Sarki Felipe VI, Sarauniya Letizia, Gimbiya Asturias da kanwarta Infanta). Sofia, in 2019)

Wani lokaci ana kiran wani mai mulki daga daular a matsayin "daular", amma kuma ana amfani da wannan kalmar don kwatanta duk wani memba na iyali mai mulki wanda ke da 'yancin yin nasara a kan karaga . Misali, Sarki Edward na VIII ya daina zama daular House of Windsor bayan saukarsa.

A cikin nassoshi na tarihi da na masarautu game da iyalai masu mulki a baya, “daular” ɗan iyali ne wanda da zai sami haƙƙin gado, dokokin masarauta har yanzu suna aiki. Misali, bayan kisan gillar da aka yi wa Archduke Franz Ferdinand na Ostiriya a shekara ta 1914 da matarsa, an ketare dansu Maximilian, Duke na Hohenberg, don sarautar Austro-Hungary domin shi ba daular Habsburg ba ne. Ko bayan da aka soke sarautar Austriya, Duke Maximilian da zuriyarsa ba su yi la'akari da cewa sarakunan Austriya ba ne masu gaskiya ba, kuma ba su da'awar wannan matsayi.

↑ Van Coppennolle, Brenda; Smith, Daniel (2023). "Dynasties in Historical Political Economy" (PDF). The Oxford Handbook of Historical Political Economy. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2022.

[1] Van Coppennolle, Brenda; Smith, Daniel (2023). "Dynasties in Historical Political Economy" (PDF). The Oxford Handbook of Historical Political Economy. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2022.

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