Dangantakar Afghanistan da China
An kafa Dangantakar diflomasiyya tsakanin kasashen Afghanistan da China a karni na 18, lokacin da Sarki Ahmad Shah Durrani ya mallaki Afghanistan kuma Sarki Qianlong ya mallaki China. Amma dangantakar kasuwanci tsakanin waɗannan ƙasashe ta samo asali ne daga samar da Daular Han tare da Hanyar siliki mai fa'ida.[1] A halin yanzu, kasar Sin tana da ofishin jakadancin a Kabul kuma Afghanistan tana da daya a Beijing. Kasashen biyu suna da iyaka mai nisan kilomita 92 km (57 mi) (57 .
Dangantakar Afghanistan da China | |||||
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alakar kasashen biyu | |||||
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Ƙasa | Government of Afghanistan (en) da Sin | ||||
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A karni na 20, kasar Sin ta ba da taimakon tattalin arziki da rancen dala miliyan da yawa don bunkasa Afghanistan a farkon lokacin Yaƙin Cold. An katse wannan abota a takaice bayan rabuwa da Sino-Soviet da mamayewar Soviet na Afghanistan (1979), tare da USSR da kafa gwamnatocin Soviet da masu adawa da China a Afghanistan. Koyaya, tun lokacin da aka janye sojojin Soviet da kuma sauƙaƙe dangantakar Soviet da ta biyo baya, dangantakar Sin da Afghanistan ta inganta sosai a cikin karni na 21.
A lokacin yakin NATO na baya-bayan nan a Afganistan, shigar siyasar kasar Sin da farko ya dan takaita kadan, amma har yanzu huldar kasuwanci tana ci gaba da ci gaba da kasancewa tare da kasar Sin a matsayin babbar abokiyar ciniki a Afghanistan da Sin ta ba wa Afganistan taimakon miliyoyin daloli a duk lokacin yakin. Har ila yau, tasirin da Sin ke takawa a cikin harkokin diflomasiyya a Afganistan yana karuwa cikin shekaru da yawa, kuma Sin za ta iya taimakawa wajen samar da zaman lafiya a cikin kasar da yaki ya daidaita. Bayan da kungiyar Taliban ta sake kwace iko da kasar a shekarar 2021, kasar Sin kamar sauran kasashen duniya a shekarar 2024, ba ta amince da daular Musulunci da aka dawo da ita ba, amma ta ba da damar ofishin jakadancinta ya yi aiki a kasar. Duk da rashin amincewarta, Sin na tattaunawa da gwamnatin Taliban kan batutuwan kasuwanci, zuba jari, da taimako.
Tarihi
gyara sasheDaular kasar Sin daban-daban sun mamaye sassan Afghanistan da Asiya ta Tsakiya a kusa da iyakarsu ta yanzu; kuma Afghanistan a tarihi ta kasance a tsakiyar Hanyar siliki mai riba.
Daular Han
gyara sasheHan sun kayar da Dayuan a yakin Han-Dayuan, ta haka ne suka kafa ikon kasar Sin a kan sassan arewacin Afghanistan. Daga baya daular Han ta kafa Protectorate of the Western Regions don kare cinikin Silk Road ta Asiya ta Tsakiya. A zamanin d ̄ a, yankin da yanzu ke Afghanistan an san shi da sadaukar da kai ga addinin Buddha, wanda aka kafa a Indiya a karni na 5 BC. Rubuce-rubucen kasar Sin daga daular Han suna nufin Kabul a matsayin "Kao-fu", wanda aka bayyana a matsayin mai arziki da ke cikin tsaunukan Hindu Kush a wani wuri mai mahimmanci a kan hanyoyin kasuwanci da ke haɗa Asiya ta Tsakiya zuwa Indiya. Wani malamin addinin Buddha daga abin da ke yanzu Afghanistan ya isa kasar Sin a 2 BC kuma ya tuba da Sinanci na farko zuwa addinin Buddha. Sau da yawa mahajjata na Buddha na kasar Sin suna ziyartar Afghanistan a kan hanyarsu ta zuwa Indiya a zamanin d ̄ a, kuma shafukan Buddha kamar Balkh da Buddha na Bamyan sun ja hankalin baƙi da yawa na kasar Sin. Rubuce-rubucen kasar Sin sun ba da bashi ga masu sana'a daga Afghanistan tare da samar da gilashi na farko a kasar Sin tsakanin 424 da 428 AD, ta hanyar shaidar archaeological sun nuna cewa ana samar da gilashin a baya a kasar Sin.
Daular Tang
gyara sasheA lokacin Daular Tang sassan Afghanistan suna ƙarƙashin ikon Janar na Tsaro na Sin don Zaman Lafiya da Yamma. A shekarar 659, Soghd da Ferghana, tare da biranen kamar Tashkent, Samarkand, Balkh, Herat, da Kabul, sun zama wani ɓangare na kariya a ƙarƙashin Sarkin sarakuna Gaozong. Herat na Afghanistan da Bukhara da Samarkand na Uzbekistan sun zama wani ɓangare na Tang protectorate. Masanin tarihin Indiya K. P. S. Menon ya rubuta game da Sinawa "sun yi gagarumin aikin aika sojoji 100,000 waɗanda suka yi tafiya zuwa Pamirs daga Kashgar" sannan suka haye Afghanistan don mamaye Kwarin Hunza a cikin abin da ke yanzu Pakistan a ƙarƙashin Tang Janar Gao Xianzhi. Rashin nasarar da Larabawa suka yi wa Yammacin Turkiyya da kuma cin nasarar Sassanids ya sauƙaƙa fadada kasar Sin a ƙarƙashin Sarkin sarakuna Gaozong zuwa Herat, arewa maso gabashin Iran da Afghanistan (Tukharistan), Bukhara, Samarkand, Tashkent, da Soghdiana, wanda a baya ya kasance na yammacin Turkiyya. A lokacin daular Tang, wani lokaci na wadata da wadata wanda yawancin Sinawa ke ganin daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi dacewa a tarihin su, cinikayya ta bunƙasa tare da Hanyar Silk tsakanin Afghanistan da China. Masanin addinin Buddha na kasar Sin Xuanzang ya wuce ta Afghanistan a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa Indiya kuma ya bayyana da tsoro abin mamaki game da kallon Buddha na Bamyan. Addinai irin su Kristanci na Nestorian sun fara isa kasar Sin a daular Tang ta hanyar Afghanistan, wanda daga baya Musulunci ya biyo baya.
Manazarta
gyara sashe- ↑ electricpulp.com. "CHINESE-IRANIAN RELATIONS vi. Modern Afghan – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranica.com. Archived from the original on 15 May 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2018.