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Andrea del Sarto

Andrea del sarto

Andrea del Sarto
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna Andrea d'Agnolo di Francesco di Luca di Paolo del Migliore Vannucchi
Haihuwa Florence (en) Fassara, 16 ga Yuli, 1486
ƙasa Republic of Florence (en) Fassara
Mutuwa Florence (en) Fassara, 29 Satumba 1530
Makwanci Santissima Annunziata (en) Fassara
Yanayin mutuwa Sababi na ainihi (plague (en) Fassara)
Ƴan uwa
Abokiyar zama Lucrezia del Fede (en) Fassara  (1518 -
Karatu
Harsuna Italiyanci
Malamai Piero di Cosimo (mul) Fassara
Raffaellino del Garbo (mul) Fassara
Ɗalibai
Sana'a
Sana'a painter (en) Fassara, drawer (en) Fassara da mai zane-zane
Wurin aiki Florence (en) Fassara
Muhimman ayyuka Madonna of the Harpies (en) Fassara
San Gallo Annunciation (en) Fassara
Last Supper (en) Fassara
Fafutuka High Renaissance (en) Fassara
Artistic movement painting

An haifeshi 16 ga watan Yuli 1486,ya rash 29 Satumba 1530) ɗan Italiyanci ne mai zanen Florence, wanda aikinsa ya bunƙasa a lokacin Babban Renaissance. farkon Mannerism. An san shi a matsayin fitaccen mai yin kayan ado na fresco, mai zanen altarpieces, mawallafin hoto, draughtman, kuma mai launi.[1]Ko da yake ana girmama shi sosai a lokacin rayuwarsa a matsayin mai zane senza errori ("ba tare da kurakurai") ba, sanannen sa ya rufe bayan mutuwarsa ta hanyar zamaninsa Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, da Raphael.

Rayuwar farko da horo

An haifi Andrea del Sarto Andrea d'Agnolo di Francesco di Luca[2] a Florence a ranar 16 ga Yuli 1486. ​​Tun da mahaifinsa, Agnolo, tela ne (Italiyanci: sarto), an san shi da "del Sarto" (ma'ana " tela ). son").[3] Tun daga 1677 wasu sun danganta sunan sunan Vannucchi tare da ƙananan takardu. A shekara ta 1494, Andrea ya koyi aikin maƙerin zinare, sa'an nan kuma ga mai sassaƙa itace da mai zane mai suna Gian Barile, wanda ya kasance tare da shi har zuwa 1498.[4]. A cewar marigayi marubucin tarihin rayuwarsa Vasari, daga nan ya koyi zuwa Piero di Cosimo, daga baya kuma tare da Raffaellino del Garbo (Carli). Andrea da wani babban abokinsa, Franciabigio, sun yanke shawarar buɗe ɗakin studio na haɗin gwiwa a wani masauki tare a Piazza del Grano. Samfurin farko na haɗin gwiwarsu na iya zama Baftisma na Kristi don Florentine Compagnia dello Scalzo, farkon jerin fresco monochrome.[4] A lokacin da aka narkar da haɗin gwiwar, salon Sarto ya ƙunshi tambarin ɗabi'a. A cewar Encyclopædia Britannica, "an yi masa alama a duk tsawon aikinsa ta hanyar sha'awa, na musamman a tsakanin Florentines, sakamakon launi da yanayi da kuma ta hanyar yau da kullun na yau da kullun da kuma bayyanar da motsin rai".[5] Ziyarta faransa

Kafin ƙarshen shekara ta 1516, an aika da Pietà na Del Sarto abun da ke ciki, daga baya kuma Madonna, zuwa Kotun Faransa. Wannan ya haifar da gayyata daga François I, a cikin 1518, kuma ya yi tafiya zuwa Paris a watan Yuni na waccan shekarar, tare da almajirinsa Andrea Squarzzella, ya bar matarsa, Lucrezia, a Florence.[6]

A cewar Giorgio Vasari, almajirin Andrea kuma marubucin tarihin rayuwa, [7]Lucrezia ya rubuta wa Andrea kuma ya bukaci ya koma Italiya. Sarki ya amince, amma bisa fahimtar cewa rashinsa daga Faransa zai zama gajere. Daga nan sai ya ba wa Andrea wasu kuɗi da za a kashe don siyan ayyukan fasaha na Kotun Faransa. Ta hanyar asusun Vasari, Andrea ya ɗauki kuɗin ya yi amfani da su don siyan gida a Florence, wanda hakan ya lalata masa suna kuma ya hana shi komawa Faransa.[8]

Labarin ya zaburar da mawallafin waƙar Robert Browning mai suna “Andrea del Sarto An kira shi da ‘Mai Zane Mai Kyau” (1855),[9]amma yanzu wasu masana tarihi sun yi watsi da shi a matsayin apocryphal, ba gaskiya ba ne ko da yake ana maimaita shi.[10]

Aiki a florence


Ya ci gaba da aiki a Florence a lokacin 1520 kuma ya kashe bangaskiya da sadaka a cikin ma'ajin Scalzo. Wadannan sun ci nasara da Rawar 'yar Hirudiya, da Fille kan Mai Baftisma, Gabatar da kansa ga Hirudus, misalin Bege, Bayyanar Mala'ika zuwa Zakariya (1523) da Ziyarar monochrome. An zana wannan na ƙarshe a cikin kaka na shekara ta 1524, bayan Andrea ya dawo daga Luco a Mugello, inda annobar bubonic annoba a Florence ta kori shi da iyalinsa. A cikin 1525, ya koma yin fenti a cikin Annunziata cloister da Madonna del Sacco, wani lunette mai suna bayan buhu wanda aka wakilta Yusufu a kansa.[11] A cikin wannan zanen rigar budurwa mai karimci da kallonta na nuna tasirinsa a farkon salon almajiri Pontormo.

A cikin 1523, Andrea ya zana kwafin rukunin hoto na Paparoma Leo X na Raphael; wannan kwafin yanzu yana cikin Museo di Capodimonte a Naples, yayin da ainihin ya kasance a Fadar Pitti. Zanen Raphael mallakar Ottaviano de' Medici ne, kuma Federico II Gonzaga, Duke na Mantua ya nema. Bai yarda ya rabu da ainihin ba, Ottaviano ya riƙe Andrea don samar da kwafin, wanda ya wuce zuwa Duke a matsayin asali. Kwaikwayo ya kasance mai aminci har ma Giulio Romano, wanda da kansa ya yi amfani da ainihin asali har zuwa wani lokaci, an yaudare shi gaba daya; kuma, da nuna kwafin shekaru bayan haka ga Vasari, wanda ya san gaskiya, zai iya tabbata cewa ba gaskiya ba ne kawai lokacin da Vasari ya nuna masa alamar sirri a kan zane[12]

Aikin ƙarshe na Andrea a Scalzo shine Nativity na Baptist (1526). A cikin shekara ta gaba ya kammala muhimmin zanensa na ƙarshe, Jibin Ƙarshe a San Salvi (yanzu yanki ne na ciki na Florence), wanda a cikinsa ya nuna dukkan haruffan hotuna ne.[13]Ikilisiyar yanzu ita ce Museo del Cenacolo di Andrea del Sarto.

Yawancin zane-zanensa an ɗauke su a matsayin hotunan kansu. A da, Hoton Wani Matashi a cikin Gidan Tarihi na Kasa, London an yi imanin cewa hoton kansa ne, [14]kamar yadda Hoton Becuccio Bicchieraio yake a cikin National Gallery na Scotland, [15]amma yanzu an san su biyun ba za su kasance ba. hotunan kai. Akwai hoton kansa a Alnwick Castle, wani matashi mai kimanin shekara ashirin da gwiwar hannu akan tebur. Wani hoton matashi yana cikin Uffizi Gallery kuma Fadar Pitti ta ƙunshi fiye da ɗaya.[16] Rayuwar sirri

Andrea ya auri Lucrezia (del Fede), gwauruwa na mai hula mai suna Carlo, na Recanati, a ranar 26 ga Disamba 1512. Lucrezia ya bayyana a yawancin zane-zanensa, sau da yawa a matsayin Madonna. Giorgio Vasari (1511 – 1574) ya siffanta ta da cewa “mara aminci, kishi, da ƙwazo tare da masu koyo”[17]

Andrea ya mutu a Florence yana da shekaru 44 a lokacin barkewar annoba ta Bubonic a ƙarshen Satumba 1530. Misericordia sun binne shi ba tare da saninsa ba a cikin cocin Servites.[18] A cikin Lives of the Artists, Vasari ya yi iƙirarin cewa Andrea bai sami kulawa ko kaɗan daga matarsa ​​ba a lokacin da yake fama da rashin lafiya.[19]Duk da haka, an san shi sosai a lokacin cewa annoba tana da saurin yaduwa, don haka an yi hasashe cewa Lucrezia na iya jin tsoron kamuwa da cutar mai saurin kamuwa da cuta. Idan gaskiya ne, wannan tsattsauran ra'ayi ya sami lada, saboda ta tsira da mijinta da shekaru 40.[20]h

Manazarta

gyara sashe
  1. ↑ Norwich, John Julius (1990). Oxford Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Arts. USA: Oxford University Press. p. 16. ISBN 978-0198691372
  2. ↑ Nesi, Alessandro. "Ser Spillo: Fratello di Andrea del Sarto". Maniera. 2016: 2 – via Accademia.
  3. ↑ Shearman, John (1965). Andrea del Sarto. Oxford.
  4. ↑ Rossetti 1911, p. 969.
  5. ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica". Britannica.com. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
  6. ↑ Rossetti 1911, p. 970
  7. ↑ Vasari, Giorgio. The Lives of the Artists. Oxford University Press, USA; Reissue edition (15 December 2008). ISBN 0-19-953719-4
  8. ↑ Rossetti 1911, p. 970
  9. ↑ Stonehill". Faculty.stonehill.edu. Archived from the original on 20 November 2012. Retrieved 24 September 2012.
  10. ↑ University of Toronto Library Archived 4 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  11. ↑ Rossetti 1911, p. 970
  12. ↑ Rossetti 1911, p. 970
  13. ↑ Rossetti 1911, p. 970
  14. ↑ National Gallery website". Nationalgallery.org.uk. Retrieved 24 September2012
  15. ↑ National Gallery of Scotland websiteArchived 20 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ↑ Rossetti 1911, p. 970
  17. ↑ Vasari, Giorgio. The Lives of the Artists. Oxford University Press, USA; Reissue edition (15 December 2008). ISBN 0-19-953719-4
  18. ↑ O'Brien, Alana. "Andrea del Sarto and the Compagnia dello Scalzo". Mitteilungen des Kunsthistorischen Institutes in Florenz. XLVIII (2004): 258–267, 262 – via JSTOR ACADEMIA.
  19. ↑ Vasari, Giorgio. The Lives of the Artists. Oxford University Press, USA; Reissue edition (15 December 2008). ISBN 0-19-953719-4
  20. ↑ Cole, Thomas B. Andrea del Sarto fingers.Journal of the American Medical Association, 25 August 2010, Vol. 304, No. 8, p. 833.
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