Aikin Sonnenblume

Aikin Sonnenblume Wanda ake fi sani da Operation Sonnenblum ko ace Operation Sunflower shine sunan da aka ba wa tura sojojin Jamus da Italiya zuwa Arewacin Afirka a cikin Fabrairu 1941, lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. Biritaniya, Commonwealth, Empire da Allied Sojoji na 10 (10ª Armata) sun lalata su da Birtaniyya, Commonwealth, Empire da Allied Rundunar Yammacin Yammacin Yamma a lokacin Operation Compass (9 Disamba 1940 – 9 Fabrairu 1941). Raka'o'in farko na sabuwar Deutsches Afrikakorps (DAK), umarni da [Generalleutnant]] Erwin Rommel, ya bar Naples zuwa Afirka kuma ya isa ranar 11 ga Fabrairu 1941. (A cikin harshen Ingilishi, kalmar Afrika Korps ya zama jimlar kalma ga sojojin Jamus a Arewacin Afirka.) A ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, ƙungiyoyin ci gaba na Haske na 5 Afrika Division (daga baya aka sake masa suna 21st Panzer Division), Aufklärungsbataillon 3 (Bataliya ta 3) da Panzerjägerabteilung 39 (Anti-tank Detachment 39) sun isa tashar jiragen ruwa na Libyan Tripoli kuma an tura su nan take zuwa layin gabas na gabas Sirte.

Rommel ya isa Libya ne a ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, tare da ba da umarnin kare Tripoli da Tripolitania, duk da cewa yana amfani da muggan makamai. Janar Ialo Gariboldi ya maye gurbin Maresciallo d'Italia (Marshal na Italiya) Rodolfo Graziani a matsayin [Gwamna-Janar]] na Libya a ranar 25 ga Maris kuma Generale d'Armata Mario Roatta, Babban Kwamandan Royal Italian Army ('Regio Esercito), ya umurci Graziani ya sanya rukunin motocin Italiyanci a Libya a karkashin sabon umarnin Italiyanci-Jamus. Sojojin Jamus na farko sun isa Sirte a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu, suka ci gaba zuwa Nofilia a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu kuma wata ƙungiya ta Jamusawa ta yi wa wani sintiri na Biritaniya kwanton bauna a kusa da El Agheila a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu. A ranar 24 ga Maris, Axis ta kama El Agheila kuma a ranar 31 ga Maris ta kai hari Mersa Brega. Ƙarfin Brigade 3rd Armored Brigade ya kasa kai hari, ya fara ja da baya zuwa [[Benghazi] washegari.]]

Bayani

Mamayar da Italiya ta yi wa Masar

Operazione E shi ne mamayar Italiya a Masar a cikin 1940 don kwace Suez Canal wanda ya fara Kamfen Hamada ta Yamma (1940-1943). British, Commonwealth, da [[Dakarun Faransanci na 'Yanci | Sojojin Faransa na 'Yanci] sun yi adawa da Italiyawa. Bayan an samu jinkiri da yawa, an rage girman harin zuwa gaba da Sojoji na 10 (Marshal Rodolfo Graziani) suka yi zuwa Masar, har zuwa Sidi Barrani tare da kai farmaki kan duk wani dan Birtaniya. dakarun dake yankin. Sojojin na 10 sun ci gaba da kusan 65 mi (105 km) zuwa cikin Masar amma sun yi tuntuɓar sojojin Biritaniya ne kawai daga Rashin Armored Division na bakwai kuma ba su shiga babban runduna ba. Mersa Matruh. A ranar 16 ga Satumba, Sojoji na 10 sun tsaya tare da daukar matakan kariya a kusa da tashar jiragen ruwa na Sidi Barrani, da nufin gina sansanonin tsaro, yayin da suke jiran injiniyoyi su tsawaita Litoranea Balbo (Ta Balbia) tare da Ta hanyar della Vittoria. Graziani ya yi niyyar amfani da hanyar don tara kayayyaki don ci gaba a kan Mersa Matruh, kusan 80 mi (130 km) gabas, inda ragowar runduna ta 7 ta Armored Division da Indiya ta hudu sun dogara.

Manazarta

• Bauer, E. (2000) [1979]. Young, Peter (ed.). The History of World War II (rev. Orbis: London ed.). New York: Galahad Books. ISBN 978-1-85605-552-9.
• Carver, M. (2002) [1986]. Dilemmas of the Desert War: The Libyan Campaign 1940–1942 (Spellmount ed.). Staplehurst: Batsford. ISBN 978-1-86227-153-1.
• Cooper, Matthew (1978). The German Army 1933–1945: Its Political and Military Failure. Briarcliff Manor, NY: Stein and Day. ISBN 978-0-8128-2468-1.
• Creveld, M. van (1977). Supplying War: Logistics from Wallenstein to Patton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-29793-6.