Ƙasa (shinfidar ƙasa)
Ƙasa ita ce cakudewar organic matter, ma'adinai, gas, liquid, da organism wadanda suka hadu domin taimakawa wa rayuwa. Bangaren ƙasa ta Earth, da ake kira da pedosphere, Nada muhimman ayyuka hudu na amfanin ƙasa:
- amatsayin hanyar dake taimaka ma tsirrai girma
- amatsayin abunda ke ajiye ruwa, samar dashi da tace shi
- amatsayin abunda ke sauya Earth's atmosphere
- amatsayin wurin da halittu ke rayuwa
 Ƙasa (shinfidar ƙasa) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
granular material (en)  , heterogeneous mixture (en) da system (en) |
| Bangare na |
pedosphere (en) da landscape sphere (en) |
| Karatun ta |
Ilimin ilimin likitanci da soil science (en) |
| Has cause (en) |
pedogenesis (en) |
| Hannun riga da | Duwatsu (geology) |
A, B, and C represent the soil profile, a notation firstly coined by Vasily Dokuchaev (1846-1903), the father of pedology; A is the topsoil; B is a regolith; C is a saprolite (a less-weathered regolith); the bottom-most layer represents the bedrock.
Dukkanin ayyukan nan, a zuwansu, suna sauya ƙasa.