Yaren Palawano

Yaren Palawano
Dangin harshen	Austronesian (en) ; Malayo-Polynesian (en) ; Philippine (en) ; Greater Central Philippine (en) ; Palawanic (en) ; Palawano language; ; ; ; ; ;
Baƙaƙen rubutu	Baƙaƙen boko da Tagbanwa (en)
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	nucl1738

Ana magana da yarukan Palawan a lardin Palawan a cikin Philippines, ta Mutanen Palawano.

Rarraba

Akwai harsuna uku na Palawano: Quezon Palawano (PLC) wanda aka fi sani da Central Palawano; Brooke's Point Palawano (PLW) da yaren Bugsuk Palawano ko Southwest Palawano da Southwest Palawan (PLV). Harsunan Palawano gu uku suna raba tsibirin tare da wasu harsunan Palawanic da yawa waɗanda ba sa cikin rukunin Palawano, kodayake suna da ƙamus mai yawa.

Fasahar sauti

Bayani mai zuwa ya dogara ne akan Revel-MacDonald (1979). ^[2]

Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

		Labari	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Gishiri
Hanci		m	n		ŋ
Plosive	ba tare da murya ba	p	t		k	ʔ
Plosive	murya	b	d		ɡ
Fricative			s			h
Hanyar gefen			l
Rhotic			ɾ
Kusanci		w		j

Sautin sautin

	A gaba	Komawa
Kusa	i	u
Bude	a	Owu

Phoneme	Allophones
/i/	[i], [ɪ], [e], [ɛ]
/u/	[u], [ʊ], [o]
/ɔ/	[A.][ɔ], [ə], [ä]

Harshen harshe

Magana ta kalma tana kama da sauran yarukan Filipino tare da prefixes da suffixes da ke nuna lokaci, abu ko mai ba da labari, da kuma niyya (watau umarni). Ana iya amfani da waɗannan prefixes da suffixes don ƙirƙirar sassa daban-daban na magana daga kalma ɗaya. Misali, biyag, ma'ana 'rayuwa', ana iya sarrafa shi don nufin 'rayuwa' (megbiyag), 'cike da abinci' (Mebiyag),' 'yi rayuwa' (ipebiyag), "rayuwa' a matsayin adjective (biyagen), ko 'rayuwa" a matsayin nau'in aikatau na yanzu (biyapebig).

Palawano kirkiro karamin prefix ta hanyar kwafin CV na farko na tushe tare da ma'anar tushe na ƙarshe: kusiŋ ('kat'): kuŋ-kusiŋ ('kitten'), bajuʔ ('tufafi'): bäʔ-bajuʔ ('tufin yara'), libun ('mace'): lin-libun ('yarinya'), kunit ('yellow flycatcher' (tsuntsu)), siak ('hawaye'): sik-siak ('hawaye/ hawaye na hawaye na crocodile').

Wakilan sunaye

Wa sunayen suna sune sunayen da aka samu a cikin harshen Kudu maso Yammacin Palawano. Lura: ana rarraba shari'ar kai tsaye / mai suna tsakanin cikakkun siffofi da gajerun siffofi.

	Direct/Nominative	Indirect/Genitive	Oblique
1st person singular	ako (ko)	ko	daken/dag
2nd person singular	ikew (ke)	mo	dimo
3rd person singular	ya (ye)	ye	kenye
1st person dual	kite (te)	te	kite
1st person plural inclusive	kiteyo (teyo)	teyo	kiteyo
1st person plural exclusive	kami (kay)	kay	damen
2nd person plural	kemuyo (kaw)	muyo	dimuyo
3rd person plural	diye	diye	kedye

Kalmomin kalmomi

Akwai bambance-bambance da yawa na harshe tsakanin kungiyoyin dangin Palawan tare da kalmomi da ke canzawa daga kwarin daya zuwa na gaba (watau tabo don 'dutse' da rapid). Ana amfani da Tagalog akai-akai don samar da kalmomin da ba su da yawa a cikin yaren yankin don abubuwa da ayyuka na zamani waɗanda zasu iya haifar da rikicewa, musamman tsakanin matasa, tsakanin Tagalog da Palawan. Mafi sanannun iyali ko ƙauye tare da al'adun ƙasashen Tagalog, mafi yawan yaren ya haɗu. Harshen Palawano ya kuma haɗa da kalmomi masu yawa na Malay a tarihi. Har ila yau, akwai wasu tasirin Cebuano kamar abin da aka nuna a wasu sassan Palawan.

Wasu kalmomin Brooke's Point Palawan sune:

Bibila da kuma ibeyba - aboki
Mama - kawun (kuma kalma ce ta girmamawa ga dattijo)
minan - mahaifiyar (kuma kalma ce ta girmamawa ga tsohuwar mace)
indu` - uwa
Yana son Allah - uba
Don haka za a samu damar samun
karut - jakar
tengeldew - tsakar rana
mangelen - sayen / sayen
surung - tafi
rapid ko tabon - dutse
manga`an - cinye
menunga - mai kyau
kusing, demang, esing - cat
pegingin - soyayya

Embe surungan mu la`? - hanyar abokantaka ta tambaya "Ina kake zuwa aboki?", a matsayin hanyar gaisuwa.
Da sauri, da yawa daga cikin karut - yana nufin 'A can, zuwa dutsen, zan sami jaka.'
Endey mengagat - wannan yawanci yana nufin kare, a matsayin hanyar da za a ce "kada ku ci"
Embe tena'an mu? - Ina kake zuwa?
Dut daya. - Hawan tudun
Menungang Meriklem. - Da safe mai kyau

↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Yaren Palawano". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
↑ Revel-MacDonald, Nicole.

[Glottolog-1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Yaren Palawano". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[2] Revel-MacDonald, Nicole.

[1]

[2]

Yaren Palawano
Dangin harshen	Austronesian ^(en) Malayo-Polynesian ^(en) Philippine ^(en) Greater Central Philippine ^(en) Palawanic ^(en) Palawano language
Baƙaƙen rubutu	Baƙaƙen boko da Tagbanwa ^(en)
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	`nucl1738`^[1]