Yaren Miju
Kaman (Geman, Geman Deng, Kumán, Kman), ko Miju (Miju Mishmi, Midzu), ƙaramin harshe ne na Indiya da China. An dade ana zaton ya zama yaren Sino-Tibet, yana iya zama keɓe harshe
| Yaren Miju | |
|---|---|
| |
| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-3 |
mxj |
| Glottolog |
miju1243[1] |
Wurare
gyara sasheA kasar Sin, ana kiran Miju da Deng 僜人. Deng mai lamba sama da 1,000 a gundumar Zayü, Tibet, China, tare da 1,000 na Deng suna da ikon sarrafa kansu tɑ31 ruɑŋ53</link> (大让), da 130 suna da ikon sarrafa kansu kɯ31 mɑn35</link> (格曼) ( Geman ). Su ma makwabta ne da Idu ko i53 du31</link> (义都) mutane.[ana buƙatar hujja]
A Indiya, ana magana da Miju a Hawai Circle da yankin Parsuram Kund na gundumar Lohit, Arunachal Pradesh (Boro 1978, [2] Dasgupta 1977 [3] ). Ethnologue ya ba da rahoton cewa ana magana da Miju a ƙauyuka 25 da ke cikin wurare masu tsayi a gabashin kwarin Lohit da Dau, waɗanda ke gabas da kwarin Haguliang, Billlong, da Tilai.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Fassarar sauti
gyara sasheWaɗannan su ne sautuna a cikin yaren Miju/Kaman.
Consonants
gyara sashe| Labial | Alveolar | Bayan-<br id="mwQw"><br><br><br></br> alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||
| M | a fili | p | t | k | ʔ | |||
| m | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | |||||
| murya | b | d | ɡ | |||||
| Haɗin kai | a fili | ts | tʃ | |||||
| m | tʃʰ | |||||||
| murya | dz | dʒ | ||||||
| Ƙarfafawa | a fili | f | s | ʃ | h | |||
| murya | v | z | ɦ | |||||
| Kusanci | ʋ | j | w | |||||
| Na gefe | l | ɭ | ||||||
| Kaɗa | ɾ | ɽ | ||||||
Wasula
gyara sashe| Gaba | Tsakiya | Baya | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kusa | i | ( ɨ ) | ɯ • u |
| Kusa-tsakiyar | o | ||
| Bude-tsakiyar | ɛ | ə | ʌ • ɔ |
| Bude | a |
/ɯ/ kuma za a iya ji kamar [ɨ].
Sautuna
gyara sasheAkwai manyan sautuna guda uku a cikin yaren Miju, tashi (á), faɗuwa (à), da matakin (ā).
Masu yin rijista
gyara sasheKman yana da rajista iri-iri da ake amfani da su a yanayi daban-daban. Waɗannan sun haɗa da: [4]
- shamaniyya
- farauta
- zagi da zagi
- mawaki
Manazarta
gyara sashe- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Yaren Miju". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Boro, A. 1978. Miju dictionary. Shillong: Research Department, Arunachal Pradesh Administration.
- ↑ Dasgupta, K. 1977. A phrase book in Miju. Shillong: Director of Information and Public Relations, Arunachal Pradesh.
- ↑ Blench, Roger. 2022. Why would a language with 5000 speakers have seven registers? Register-flipping in the isolates of Northeast India compromises the unitary concept of language. Cambridge: Kay Williamson Education Foundation.