Sanie harshe
Sanie (mai sarrafa kansa: sɑ21 ɲɛ21</link> ko kuma sɑ21 ŋʷɛ21</link> ) harshen Loloish ne na birnin Yunnan na kasar Sin. Yana kama da Samataw . Akwai 'yan kabilar Sanie 17,320 a 1998, amma kusan 8,000 ne kawai ke jin yaren Sanie sosai. Sanie kuma ana san su da White Yi (白彝) (Bradley 1997).
| Sanie harshe | |
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| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
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Hakanan an haɓaka rubutun Sanie pinyin kwanan nan (Bradley 2005).
Sunaye
gyara sashe- Ngwi, sake gina David Bradley don ikon kansa na masu magana da Loloish, ya dogara ne akan Sanie autonym sɑ21 ŋʷɛ21</link> (kuma ana kiranta sɑ21 ɲɛ21</link> ta wasu masu magana) (Bradley 2005). Proto-Ngwi *ŋw- ya koma ɲ</link> - ko n</link> - a yawancin harsunan Loloish na zamani.
Yaruka
gyara sasheBradley (2005) ya ba da rahoton bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a cikin harshen Sanie, kuma a taƙaice ya kwatanta waɗannan yaruka 6 masu zuwa.
- Gabas : Zhaozong 昭宗 (kuma a cikin Huahongyuan da Yuhua)
- Kudu maso gabas : Chejiabi 车家壁 (kuma in Shiju)
- Arewa maso gabas : Gulu 古律
- Arewa : Qinghe 清河
- Arewa maso yamma : Luomian 罗免
- Kudu maso yamma : Tuoji 妥吉
Bradley (2005) ya lura cewa nau'in Sanie da ake magana a cikin filayen gundumar Xishan a cikin garuruwan Heilingpu, da Zhaozong, da Biji suna da ra'ayin mazan jiya. Yarukan Gabas da Kudu maso Gabas suna da ra'ayin mazan jiya musamman domin suna adana labiovelar Proto-Loloish; masu iya magana suna kiran kansu da sɑ˨˩ŋʷi˨˩</link> .
Arewa maso yamma na Kunming, Sanie ana kiransa da Minglang 明廊, kuma wani lokaci ana rarraba shi da yaren Sani . Ana magana a cikin gundumar Wuding (Ƙauyen Lemei 下乐美 na Garin Chadi 插甸乡, da Tianxin Village 田心 na Gaoqiao Township 高桥镇) da Maoshan Township 茂山乡, gundumar Luquan Wataƙila ana kuma magana a gundumar Fumin . Gao (2017) [1] ya ba da rahoton yawan ɗimbin auratayya tsakanin Minglang da sauran ƙabilun makwabta.
Rarrabawa
gyara sasheSanie ana magana ne a ƙauyuka 76, 3 daga cikinsu an haɗa su da Nasu (Bradley 2005). 58 daga cikin wadannan kauyuka suna gundumar Xishan ne, 13 a kudu maso yammacin gundumar Fumin, da kuma 5 a arewa maso yammacin gundumar Anning .
- Fumin County
- Garin Yongding: kauyuka 11 (mutane 1,121)
- Rukunin Ƙauyen Qinghe: ƙauyuka 5
- Gungun Kauyen Wayao: ƙauyuka 6 (wasu suna kusa da wurin zama)
- Mailongqing, Mailong Village Cluster, Daying Township 大营镇: mutane 160
- Garin Yongding: kauyuka 11 (mutane 1,121)
- Gundumar Xishan (yankin Sanie)
- Garin Gulu 古律彝族白族乡: kauyuka 29 (Mutanen Sanie 3,390, <3,000 Sanie speaker)
- Gungun Kauyen Gulu: ƙauyuka 7 (Mutane 868 Sanie)
- Rukunin Ƙauyen Duomu: ƙauyuka 6 (Mutanen Sanie 1,442)
- Rukunin Kauyen Lemu: Kauyuka 3 (1 daga cikinsu yana hade da mutanen Nasu)
- Rukunin Ƙauyen Tuopai: ƙauyuka 8 (Mutane 394 Sanie)
- Tuanjie Township 团结彝族白族乡
- Gungun Kauyen Daxing: ƙauyuka 7 (mutane 1,936)
- Rukunin Ƙauyen Damei: ƙauyuka 3 (mutane 2,322)
- Rukunin Ƙauyen Qitai: ƙauyuka 3 (mutane 2,126)
- Rukunin Ƙauyen Tuoji: ƙauyuka 6 (Mutanen Sanie 1,042)
- Gungun Kauyen Longtan: ƙauye 1 (Mutane 585 Sanie)
- Rukunin Ƙauyen Yuhua: ƙauyuka 3 (Mutanen Sanie 1,762)
- Gungun Kauyen Huahongyuan: ƙauye 1 (Mutanen Sanie 658, tare da Sinawa 238 na Han); harshe yana cikin hatsari
- Garin Heilingpu
- Rukunin Kauyen Zhaozong: kauyuka 3 (mutane 754, gidaje 195), wato Zhaozong Dacun, Zhaozong Xiaocun, Hedi
- Garin Maje 马街
- Kauyen Shiju
- Garin Biji 碧鸡: 176 mutane
- Kauyen Chejiabi: Mutanen Yi 750
- Garin Gulu 古律彝族白族乡: kauyuka 29 (Mutanen Sanie 3,390, <3,000 Sanie speaker)
- Anning County : ƙauyuka 5 (Mutanen Sanie 317, <masu magana da Sanie 300)
- Rukunin Kauyen Zhaojiazhuang, Garin Qinglong: kauyuka 4; harshen ya yi kama da na Luze, kudancin Gulu Township
- Gungun Kauyen Houshanlang: ƙauye 1 (mutane 153) mai suna Qingmenkou
Manazarta
gyara sashe- ↑ Gao, Katie B. 2017. Dynamics of Language Contact in China: Ethnolinguistic Diversity and Variation in Yunnan Archived 2017-11-02 at the Wayback Machine. PhD Dissertation: University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa.