Labartawa

Labartawa nazari ne na bayar da labari da tsarinsa da kuma irin yadda hakan yake shafar tunanin mutum. Ana kira wannan fanni da suna narratology a cikin harshen Turancin Ingilishi, a yayinda kuma a harshen Faransanci ana kiransa da narratologie, Tzvetan Todorov ne ya kirkiro da wannan sunan a cikin littafinsa mai suna Grammaire du Décaméron, wanda aka buga a shekarar 1969. Wannan ilmi ya samo asali ne daga aikin Aristotle (Poetics) amma dai tsarin ilmin na zamani ya jingina ne da wadanda suka kawo zamananci a cikin harkar adabi ta hanyar yin amfani da na'urorin zamani, musamman ma dai Vladimir Propp wanda ya tabo batun a cikin littafinsa mai suna Morphology of the Folktale, wanda aka buga a shekarar 1928, da kuma a cikin ra'in da Mikhail Bakhtin's ya kawo na ra'in harshen damo heteroglossia da ra'in kalamai "dialogism" da kuma ra'in bayyana lokaci da wuri chronotope wadanda suka soma bayyana a cikin littafinsa mai suna The Dialogic Imagination a shekarar 1975.