James Shepherd (mai wa'azi a ƙasashen waje)

James Shepherd (1796-1882) ɗan asalin Australiya ne kuma ɗan zama a Northland, New Zealand . Ya kuma kasance sananne a cikin al'ummar Turai na farko na Bay of Islands, wanda ke da hannu a gina Stone Store a Kerikeri, [1] kuma yana da hannu a rubuce-rubucen rubuce-bucen Maori na farko.

James Shepherd (mai wa'azi a ƙasashen waje)
Rayuwa
Haihuwa 1796 (227/228 shekaru)
Sana'a
Imani
Addini Anglicanism (en) Fassara

Tarihin rayuwa

gyara sashe

An haifi Shepherd a New South Wales, ɗan iyayen da aka 'yanta James Shepherd (wani ɓarawo na doki) da Ann Thorn (wanda aka kai don satar cokali na azurfa).

A matsayinsa na cadet a ƙungiyar Church Mission Society's Samuel Marsden, Shepherd ya kasance a lokacin da Marsden ya yi bikin Kirsimeti a Bay of Islands a cikin shekarar 1814. [2] Wannan bikin shine farkon hidimar Kirista da aka sani a New Zealand.[3] Daga baya, Shepherd da matarsa Harriet sun bar Sydney kuma sun zauna a New Zealand har abada a shekarar 1821, yayin da Marsden ya zaɓe shi a NSW saboda ƙwarewar aikin gona da ƙwarewar matarsa ta jinya. [4][5] Shepherd da iyalinsa sun fara zama a 1820 a ƙasar Ngapuhi shugaban Te Morenga na Tai-a-mai, kusa da Waimate North, sannan suka koma hidimar coci a Keri Keri a 1833.[6][7][8] A can, an nemi ya dauki nauyin shagon da ke akwai har sai an kammala sabon ginin, ya dasa lambuna a Kemp House.[1]

Aikin addini

gyara sashe

Shepherd ya taimaka wa aikin Samuel Marsden a Oihi da Te Puna kusa da Kerikeri da aikin Henry Williams' a Paihia . [9] Wadannan mishaneri na farko na CMS a New Zealand (William Hall, John King, Thomas Kendall, Francis Hall, John Butler, James Kemp da James Shepherd) sun sadu da zargi da ke cewa: "ba su tuba da Maori guda ɗaya ba; rayuwarsu an danganta ta da haƙuri na Maoris maimakon wa'azi a ƙasashen waje".[10]

Gudummawa ga harshen Māori

gyara sashe
 
Shafin buɗewa na 'Kenehihi. Ko te tahi o nga talo', sigar farko ta harshen Maori na Littafi Mai-Tsarki, wanda aka buga a shekarar 1870, editan James Shepherd CMS

Kamar yadda Shepherd ya iya magana da harshen Maori, [11] ya rubuta a cikin Maori wani labarin 'Halitta, Faduwa da Maido da mutum', sannan fassarar Linjilar St. John. Daga baya, a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar da ta haɗa da William Gilbert Puckey, William Yate da William Williams, ya ba da gudummawa ga rubuce-rubucen Harshen Maori na farko na Littafi Mai-Tsarki.[12] Wannan shi ne karo na farko da aka sanya Te Reo a rubuce. Ana nuna kwafin fassarar Shepherd na "Littafin Ruth" a halin yanzu a Te Papa, Gidan Tarihi na New Zealand . [5] Yawancin 'ya'yan James Shepherds sun girma a Waitangi suna da ƙwarewa a cikin Maori kafin su zama masu ƙwarewa cikin Turanci, kuma aƙalla biyu (Isaac Shepherd da John Goodwin Shepherd) sun zama masu fassara da aka tabbatar da gwamnati, tare da Isaac Shepherd mai aiki a wannan rawar a lokacin NZ Wars a Taupo / King Country.

Gidauniyar

gyara sashe

A cikin shekarar 1836, Shepherd ya sayi wani yanki a Tauranga, Whangaroa daga James Kemp Tupe, [1] Daga shekarar 1838, ya zauna har abada a gidansa mai suna 'Waitangi' kusa da Cocin St James Anglican, Matangirau. [2] An kuma binne shi a Waitang,[13][9]

Bayanan da aka ambata

gyara sashe
  1. 1.0 1.1 Te Puna – A New Zealand Mission Station: Historical Archaeology in New Zealand
  2. "Inmagic DB/Text WebPublisher PRO: 1 records". www.aucklandcity.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 2018-07-04. Retrieved 2024-10-05.
  3. Wises New Zealand Guide, 7th Edition, 1979. p.367
  4. "Shepherd family – Pre-1839 foreigners in NZ". sites.google.com.[permanent dead link]
  5. 5.0 5.1 Proceedings of the Society of Architectural Historians, Australia and New Zealand Vol. 31 <https://www.unitec.ac.nz/epress/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Agents-of-Change-or-Changed-Agents_Early-Missionary-Landscape-Translations-through...-by-Susan-Wake-and-Jo-Leather.pdf>
  6. "The King's Candlesticks: Pedigrees Rev Samuel MARSDEN [16859]". www.thekingscandlesticks.com.
  7. Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu. "Marsden, Samuel". teara.govt.nz.
  8. "Bio" (PDF). www.the1814hansenfamilysocietyinc.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-31. Retrieved 2024-10-05.
  9. 9.0 9.1 "Whangaroa – Tauranga Bay". www.whangaroa.co.nz. Archived from the original on 2023-01-24. Retrieved 2024-10-05.
  10. "ENZB – 1974 – Williams, W. The Turanga Journals – Preparation, p 19-70". Enzb.auckland.ac.nz. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  11. "Timeline of Events". www.bibleandtreaty.co.nz.
  12. The Conversion of the Maori: Years of Religious and Social Change, 1814–1842
  13. "Translation – NZETC". nzetc.victoria.ac.nz.