Harsunan Zhuang

Harsunan Zhuang
	Vahcuengh
'Yan asalin magana	harshen asali: 16,000,000 (2007)
Dangin harshen	Kra–Dai (en) ; Kam–Tai (en) ; Tai (en) ; Harsunan Zhuang; ; ; ;
Baƙaƙen rubutu	Baƙaƙen boko da Sawndip (en)
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-1	za
ISO 639-2	zha
ISO 639-3	zha
Glottolog	nort3180

Harsunan Zhuang ( / ˈdʒ wæ ŋ , ˈ dʒ w ɒ ŋ / ; mai suna : Vahcuengh</link> ,za</link> , kafin 1982: Vaƅcueŋƅ</link> , Sawndip : 話僮, daga vah, 'harshe' da Cuengh, 'Zhuang'; simplified Chinese ) ko ɗaya daga cikin harsunan Tai sama da goma sha biyu da 'yan kabilar Zhuang na kudancin kasar Sin ke magana a lardin Guangxi da makwaftaka da Yunnan da Guangdong . Harsunan Zhuang ba sa kafa rukunin harshe guda ɗaya, saboda harsunan arewa da kudancin Zhuang sun fi kusanci da sauran harsunan Tai fiye da juna. Harsunan Zhuang na Arewa sun kafa yare mai ci gaba tare da nau'ikan Tai ta Arewa a kan iyakar lardin Guizhou, waɗanda aka sanya su a matsayin Bouyei, yayin da harsunan Zhuang na Kudancin Zhuang suka samar da wani yare mai ci gaba da nau'in Tai ta Tsakiya kamar Nung, Tay da Caolan a Vietnam . Standard Zhuang ya dogara ne akan yaren arewacin Zhuang na Wuming .

An yi imanin cewa asalin harsunan Tai ana magana da su a yanzu a kudancin kasar Sin, tare da masu magana da yarukan Tai Kudu maso Yamma (wadanda suka hada da Thai, Lao da Shan ) sun yi hijira ta fuskar fadada Sinawa. Da yake lura cewa duka al'ummomin Zhuang da Thai suna da ma'anar kalma ɗaya ga Vietnamese, kɛɛu ^A1, ^[2] daga kwamandan Sinawa na Jiaozhi a arewacin Vietnam, Jerold A. Edmondson ya nuna cewa rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin Zhuang da yarukan Tai kudu maso yammacin Tai bai faru ba tun da farko. fiye da kafuwar Jiaozhi a 112 BC. Ya kuma yi nuni da cewa, tashi daga kudancin China dole ne ya kasance kafin karni na 5 miladiyya, lokacin da Tai da ya rage a kasar Sin ya fara daukar sunayen dangi.

Bincike

Shafukan da aka yi nazari a cikin Zhang (1999), an haɗa su bisa ga Pittayaporn (2009): N, M, I, C, B, F, H, L, P

Zhāng Jūnrú's (张均如) Zhuàngyǔ Fāngyán Yánjiù (壮语方言研究[Nazarin yarukan Zhuang]) shine mafi cikakken binciken yaren Zhuang da aka buga har zuwa yau. Ya ba da rahoton aikin binciken da aka gudanar a shekarun 1950, kuma ya ƙunshi jerin kalmomi 1465 da ke ɗauke da nau'ikan Zhuang 36. Don jerin bambance-bambancen Zhuang 36 da ke ƙasa daga Zhang (1999), ana ba da sunan yankin (yawanci gundumomi) da farko, sai ƙauye na musamman. Matsayin phylogenetic na kowane bambance-bambancen ya biyo bayan na Pittayaporn (2009) (duba Harsunan Tai #Pittayaporn (2009) ).

Iri

Zhang (1999) ya gano nau'ikan Zhuang guda 13. Binciken daga baya daga Cibiyar Nazarin Harsunan bazara ya nuna cewa wasu daga cikin waɗannan su kansu harsuna ne da yawa waɗanda ba su iya fahimtar juna ba tare da bayyanar da su a baya ba ta ɓangaren masu magana, wanda ya haifar da 16 keɓance lambobin ISO 639-3 .

Arewacin Zhuang

Arewacin Zhuang ya ƙunshi yaruka arewacin kogin Yong, tare da masu magana da 8,572,200 ( Northern Zhuang [ ccx</link> ] kafin 2007):

Guibei桂北 (masu magana 1,290,000): Luocheng, Huanjiang, Rongshui, Rong'an, Sanjiang, Yongfu, Longsheng, Hechi, Nandan, Tian'e, Donglan ( Guibei Zhuang [ zgb )</link> ])
Liujiang柳江 (masu magana 1,297,000): Liujiang, North Laibin, Yishan, Liucheng, Xincheng ( Liujiang Zhuang [ zlj</link> ])
Hongshui He红水河 (2,823,000 speaker): South Laibin, Du'an, Mashan, Shilong, Guixian, Luzhai, Lipu, Yangshuo . Castro da Hansen (2010) sun bambanta iri uku waɗanda ba za a iya fahimtar juna ba : Tsakiyar Hongshuihe ( Central Hongshuihe Zhuang [ zch</link> ]), Gabashin Hongshuihe ( Eastern Hongshuihe Zhuang [ zeh</link> ]) da Liuqian ( Liuqian Zhuang [ zlq</link> ]).
Yongbei邕北 (masu magana 1,448,000): Arewacin Yongning, Wuming (yare mai daraja), Binyang, Hengxian, Pingguo ( Yongbei Zhuang [ zyb</link> ])
Youjiang右江 (masu magana 732,000): Tiandong, Tianyang, da sassan yankin Baise City; duk tare da yankin rafin Kogin Youjiang ( Youjiang Zhuang [ zyj</link> ])
Guibian桂边 ( Yei Zhuang ; 827,000 speakers): Fengshan, Lingyun, Tianlin, Longlin, North Guangnan ( Yunnan ) ( Guibian Zhuang [ zgn</link> ])
Qiubei丘北 ( Yei Zhuang ; 122,000 jawabai): yankin Qiubei ( Yunnan ) ( Qiubei Zhuang [ zqe</link> ])
Lianshan (masu magana 33,200): Lianshan ( Guangdong ), Huaiji ta Arewa ( Guangdong ) ( Lianshan Zhuang [ zln</link> ])

Manazarta

↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harsunan Zhuang". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
↑ A1 designates a tone.

[Glottolog-1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harsunan Zhuang". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[2] A1 designates a tone.

[1]

[2]