Haile Selassie

Haile Selassie (An haifeshi a watan Yuli, 1892 - 27 Agusta 1975) shi ne Sarkin Habasha daga shekarar 1930 zuwa 1974. Ya hau kan karagar mulki a matsayin Regent Plenipotentiary na Habasha (Enderase) ga Empress Zewditu daga 1916. Haile Selassie ana daukarsa a matsayin mutum mai ma'ana a tarihin Habasha na zamani, kuma babban jigon Rastafari, ƙungiyar addini a Jamaica wanda ta fito jim kaɗan bayan ya zama sarki a cikin 1930s. Ya kasance memba na daular Sulemanu, wanda ke da'awar cewa ya samo asali daga Sarki Menelik I, wanda aka yi imani da shi dan Sarki Sulemanu ne da Makeda Sarauniyar Sheba.

Haile Selassie in Uniform Dress, 1970

Haile Selassie

Haile Selassie

Haile Selassie ya yi yunƙurin zamanantar da ƙasar ta hanyar sauye-sauye na siyasa da zamantakewa, ciki har da gabatar da kundin tsarin mulkin 1931, da rubutaccen tsarin mulkinsa na farko, da kuma kawar da bauta. Ya jagoranci yunƙurin kare ƙasar Habasha da bai yi nasara ba a lokacin yaƙin Italo da Habasha na biyu kuma ya shafe mafi yawan lokutan mulkin Italiya yana gudun hijira a Ingila. A shekara ta 1940 ya tafi kasar Sudan domin ya taimaka wajen tsara gwagwarmayar yaki da ‘yan ta’adda a kasar Habasha, sannan ya koma kasarsa a shekarar 1941 bayan yakin gabashin Afrika. Ya rusa Tarayyar Habasha da Eritriya, wadda babban taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya kafa a shekarar 1950, sannan ya mayar da Eritrea cikin Habasha a matsayin daya daga cikin lardunanta, yayin da yake fafutukar hana ballewa. Ra'ayin Haile Selassie na duniya ya kai Habasha zama memba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. A shekarar 1963, ya jagoranci kafa kungiyar hadin kan Afrika, wadda ita ce farkon kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka, kuma ya zama shugabanta na farko. A cikin shekarar 1974, an hambarar da shi a juyin mulkin soja daga mulkin Marxist–Leninist, Dergi. An kashe Haile Selassie a ranar 27 ga Agusta 1975.