Farin ciki
Farin Ciki: A cikin mahallin yanayi na hankali ko tunani, tabbatacce ne ko jin daɗin motsin rai, tun daga gamsuwa zuwa tsananin farin ciki. Sauran nau'o'in sun haɗa da gamsuwar rayuwa, jin daɗin rayuwa, da eudaimonia.[1]
 farin ciki | |
|---|---|
mood (en)  da positive emotion (en) | |
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
basic emotion (en) |
| Bangare na |
psychology terminology (en) da quality of life (en) |
| Hashtag (en) | happy |
| Has characteristic (en) |
smile (en) da life satisfaction (en) |
| Hannun riga da |
sadness (en) da unhappiness (en) |
Tun daga 1960s, an gudanar da bincike na farin ciki a cikin nau'o'in ilimin kimiyya iri-iri, ciki har da ilimin gerontology, ilimin zamantakewar zamantakewa da ilimin halin kirki, bincike na asibiti da likita da tattalin arziki na farin ciki.
Ma'anoni gyara sashe
"Farin ciki" ana yin muhawara akan amfani da ma'ana, [1] da yiwuwar bambance-bambancen fahimtar al'ada.
An fi amfani da kalmar dangane da abubuwa guda biyu:
- kwarewar halin yanzu na jin motsin rai (tasiri) kamar jin daɗi ko farin ciki, ko na ma'anar 'yanayin motsin rai gaba ɗaya'. Misali Daniel Kahneman ya bayyana farin ciki a matsayin " abin da nake fuskanta a nan da yanzu". Wannan amfani yana da yawa a cikin ma'anar ƙamus na farin ciki.
- kimanta gamsuwar rayuwa, kamar ingancin rayuwa. Misali Rout Veenhoven ta ayyana farin ciki a matsayin "gaba ɗaya yabon rayuwar mutum gaba ɗaya." :2 Kahneman ya ce wannan yana da mahimmanci ga mutane fiye da abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanzu.
Wasu amfani na iya haɗawa da waɗannan abubuwan biyu. Jin daɗin rayuwa (swb) ya haɗa da ma'auni na ƙwarewar halin yanzu (ji, yanayi, da ji) da gamsuwar rayuwa. [nb 1] Alal misali, Sonja Lyubomirsky ya kwatanta farin ciki a matsayin " ƙwarewar farin ciki, jin daɗi, ko jin daɗin rayuwa mai kyau, tare da jin cewa rayuwar mutum tana da kyau, mai ma'ana, kuma mai dacewa. " [2] Eudaimonia, [3] kalma ce ta Helenanci da aka fassara dabam-dabam a matsayin farin ciki, jin daɗi, bunƙasa, da albarka. Xavier Landes ya ba da shawarar cewa farin ciki ya haɗa da matakan jin daɗin rayuwa, yanayi da eudaimonia.
Wadannan ana amfani daban-daban na iya ba da sakamako daban-daban. [4] Misali an nuna alaƙar matakan samun kuɗin shiga yana da mahimmanci tare da matakan gamsuwa na rayuwa, amma don ya fi rauni, aƙalla sama da wani kofa, tare da matakan gogewa na yanzu. [5] Ganin cewa ƙasashen Nordic sukan sami sakamako mafi girma akan binciken swb, ƙasashen Kudancin Amurka suna da maki mafi girma akan binciken da ya shafi tasiri na rayuwa mai kyau a halin yanzu.
Ma'anar kalmar na iya bambanta dangane da mahallin, cancantar farin ciki a matsayin polyseme da ra'ayi mai ban mamaki.
Wani batu kuma shine lokacin da aka yi awo; kimanta matakin farin ciki a lokacin gwaninta na iya bambanta da kimantawa ta hanyar ƙwaƙwalwa a kwanan baya.
Wasu masu amfani sun yarda da waɗannan batutuwa, amma suna ci gaba da amfani da kalmar saboda ikon haɗuwarta.
Manazarta gyara sashe
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "happiness". Wolfram Alpha. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 24 February 2011.Empty citation (help)
- ↑ The How of Happiness, Lyubomirsky, 2007
- ↑ Empty citation (help)"Happiness". The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. 2020.
- ↑ Feldman, Fred (2010). What is This Thing Called Happiness?. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199571178.001.0001. ISBN 978-0199571178.Empty citation (help)
- ↑ "High income improves evaluation of life but not emotional well-being", Daniel Kahneman and Angus Deaton, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 21/9/10
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