Ahmose I

AfroCuisine X AfroFestival Ku ɗanɗani ɗanɗano, ku yi bikin Al'adu Ba da gudummawa, haɗin kai, da bikin al'adun Afirka - shiga cikin editan-a-thon a yau! [ Taimaka tare da fassarori! ]  Ahmose I Daga Wikipedia, encyclopedia na kyauta Tsallaka zuwa kewayawa Tsalle don bincika Ahmose IAmosis, bisa ga Manetho, [1] da Amasis, [2] Aahmes Wani guntu-mutumi na Ahmose I, Gidan Tarihi na Gidan Tarihi[3] Masarautar Fir'auna 25 shekaru 1570-1546 BC (HC) 1560-1537 BC 1551-1527 BC 1539-1514 BC[bayanin kula 1] Shekaru 25 da watanni 4 (Manetho) Predecessor Kamose (Upper Egypt) Khamudi (Ƙasashen Masar) MagajiAmenhotep I nuna sarauta mai taken ConsortAhmose-Nefertari, Matar Allah na Amun, Ahmose-Sitkamose, Ahmose-Henuttamehu, Kasmut, Sannan Yara Ahmose-Meritamun Ahmose-Sitamun Siamun Ahmose ankh Aminhotep I Ramose Mahaifin MutnofretSeqenenre Tao MotherAhhotep IDied1546 BC (HC) 1527 BC (LC) An gano Mummy a cikin gidan sarauta na Deir el-Bahri, amma ana iya binne shi a Abydos ko Dra' Abu el-Naga'Monuments Palace a Avaris, Temple na Amun a Karnak, Temple na Montu a daular Hermonthis 18th. Ahmose I (Amosis, Aahmes; ma'ana "An haifi Iah (wata)"[24]) Fir'auna ne kuma wanda ya kafa Daular Sha Takwas ta Masar a cikin Sabuwar Masarautar Masar, zamanin da tsohuwar Masar ta samu kololuwar sa. iko. Yawancin mulkinsa ana yin kwanan watan zuwa tsakiyar karni na 16 BC a farkon ƙarshen Zamanin Bronze. A lokacin mulkinsa, Ahmose ya kammala cin nasara da korar Hyksos daga Kogin Nilu, ya maido da mulkin Theban a kan Lower- da Upper Egypt, kuma ya sami nasarar sake tabbatar da ikon Masar a yankunanta na farko na Nubia da Kan'ana.[25] Daga nan sai ya sake tsara yadda ake tafiyar da harkokin mulkin kasar, ya bude ma’aikatun ma’adinai da ma’adanai da hanyoyin kasuwanci tare da fara ayyukan gine-gine masu dimbin yawa da ba a taba yin irinsa ba tun lokacin mulkin kasar. Wannan shirin ginin ya ƙare a cikin ginin dala na ƙarshe da sarakunan Masar na asali suka gina. Sarautar Ahmose ya kafa tushen Sabon Mulki, wanda ikon Masar ya kai kololuwarsa. Abubuwan da ke ciki 1Iyali 1.1 Manetho 2 Mulki 2.1 Tsarin Mulki 2.2 Kamfen 2.2.1 Nasara na Hyksos 2.2.2 yakin Levantine 2.2.3 Yaƙin Nubian 2.3 Art da Monuments 2.4 Tsawon lokaci da kwanan watan sarauta 3 Mutuwa 3.1 Dala 3.2 Mami 3.3 Nasara 4 Duba kuma 5 Bayanan kula 6 Nassoshi 6.1 Nasiha 6.2 Littafi Mai Tsarki 7 Hagu na waje Iyali [gyara tushe] Ƙarin bayani: Daular Goma sha Takwas na itacen iyali na Masar Ya kasance memba na gidan sarauta na Theban, ɗan Fir'auna Seqenenre Tao kuma ɗan'uwan Fir'auna na ƙarshe na Daular Goma sha bakwai, Kamose. A lokacin mulkin mahaifinsa ko kakansa, Thebes ya yi tawaye ga Hyksos, sarakunan Ƙasar Masar. Lokacin da yake dan shekara bakwai, aka kashe mahaifinsa, [26] kuma yana da kusan goma lokacin da dan uwansa ya rasu ba tare da sanin dalilansa ba bayan ya yi mulki shekara uku kacal. Ahmose I ya hau gadon sarauta bayan mutuwar ɗan'uwansa, [25] kuma a kan nadin sarauta ya zama sananne da Nebpehtyre, nb-pḥtj-rꜥ "Ubangiji Ƙarfi shine Ra". Ahmose ya fito ne daga daular Theban ta goma sha bakwai. Kakansa da kakarsa, Senakhtenre Ahmose da Tetisheri, suna da aƙalla 'ya'ya goma sha biyu, ciki har da Seqenenre Tao da Ahhotep I. Ɗan'uwa da 'yar'uwar, bisa ga al'adar sarakunan Masar, sun yi aure, kuma suna da 'ya'ya maza Kamose da Ahmose I, da kuma da yawa. 'ya'ya mata.[27] Ahmose na bi bisa al'adar mahaifinsa, na auri 'yan'uwansa mata da yawa, na mai da Ahmose-Nefertari a matsayin babbar matarsa.[28] Sun haifi 'ya'ya da yawa ciki har da 'ya'ya mata Meritamun B, Sitamun A da' ya'ya maza Siamun A, Ahmose-ankh, [29] Amenhotep I da Ramose A[30] (nadi'i na "A" da "B" bayan sunaye ne taron da masana Masarautar Masar suka yi amfani da su. don bambance tsakanin 'ya'yan sarauta da matan da ba haka ba suna daya). Wataƙila su ma iyayen Mutnofret ne, waɗanda za su zama matar daga bayamagajin Thutmose I. Ahmose-ankh shi ne magajin Ahmose, amma ya riga mahaifinsa rasuwa a tsakanin shekara ta 17 zuwa ta 22 ta sarautar Ahmose[31]. Ahmose ya maye gurbinsa da babban ɗansa mai rai, Amenhotep I, wanda wataƙila sun yi tarayya da shi kaɗan.[32] Manetho [gyara tushe] Ba a sami hutu na musamman a cikin gidan sarauta tsakanin dauloli na sha bakwai da na sha takwas ba. Firist kuma masanin tarihi Manetho marubucin tarihin Masar da aka rubuta a karni na 3 BC a lokacin mulkin Ptolemy II (283 - 246 BC), wanda yanzu ya ɓace Aegyptica (Αἰγυπτιακά), yayi la'akari da korar ƙarshe na Hyksos bayan kusan karni kuma Maido da mulkin ‘yan asalin ƙasar Masar a kan ƙasar baki ɗaya wani gagarumin abin da ya isa ya ba da tabbacin fara sabuwar daular.[33] Mulki [gyara tushe] Ahmose na daya ya hau karagar mulki yana dan shekara 10. Ya yi mulki kimanin shekaru 25 kafin ya rasu yana dan shekara 35. Da ma farkon mulkinsa ya kasance a karkashin sarauta har zuwan sa na sarauta. shekaru. A lokacin mulkinsa ya sami nasarar cin nasara akan Hyksos a Masarautar Masar, ya sake haɗa Ƙasar Biyu, ya zama "uban sarki" na Sabuwar Mulki. Ya kuma fara kai farmakin soji a cikin Levant yana bin Hyksos. Mulki [gyara tushe] Ahmose ya hau kan karagar mulki sa’ad da yake yaro, don haka mahaifiyarsa Ahhotep ta yi sarauta har ya girma. Yin la'akari da wasu kwatancin matsayinta na sarauta yayin da take kan mulki, ciki har da babban "mai kula da Masar", ta ƙarfafa tushen ikon Theban sosai a cikin shekaru kafin Ahmose ya sami cikakken iko. Idan a gaskiya Apepi II ya zama magajin Apepi I, to ana tunanin ya kasance a cikin tudun mun tsira a zamanin Ahhotep, saboda sunansa ba ya cikin wani abu na tarihi ko wani abu a kudancin Bubastis.[27] Yakin neman zabe [gyara tushe] Dagger mai suna Ahmose I wanda aka nuna a gidan tarihi na Royal Ontario Museum, TorontoCartouche na Ahmose I akan pommel na wuka, Gidan Tarihi na Royal Ontario, Toronto Rikici tsakanin sarakunan Thebes da Sarkin Hyksos Apepi ya faro ne a zamanin mahaifin Ahmose, Seqenenre Tao, kuma za a kawo karshen, bayan kusan shekaru 30 na rikici da yaki, a lokacin mulkinsa. Wataƙila an kashe Seqenenre Tao a yaƙin da aka yi da Hyksos, kamar yadda mummynsa da ke fama da rauni ta nuna bacin rai, kuma an san magajinsa Kamose (wataƙila ɗan'uwan Ahmose) ya kai hari tare da kai farmaki a yankunan da ke kusa da babban birnin Hyksos, Avaris (Tell el na zamani). - Dab'a).[26] Babu shakka Kamose yana da ɗan gajeren mulki, domin shekararsa mafi girma da aka tabbatar ita ce shekara ta 3, kuma Ahmose I ya gaje shi.[34] Apepi ya rasu bayan shekaru goma[35]. Cin nasara da Hyksos [gyara tushe] Ahmose ya fara mamaye qasar Masar karkashin jagorancin Hyksos tun daga kusan shekara ta 11 ta mulkin Khamudi, amma ba a yarda da jerin abubuwan da suka faru a duk duniya ba[36]. Yin nazarin abubuwan da suka faru na cin nasara kafin harin da aka yi wa babban birnin Hyksos na Avaris yana da matukar wahala. Kusan duk abin da aka sani ya fito ne daga taƙaitaccen sharhin soja amma mai kima a bayan littafin Rhind Mathematical Papyrus, wanda ya ƙunshi taƙaitaccen shigarwar diary, [37] ɗaya daga cikinsu yana karantawa: Regnal shekara 11, watan biyu na shomu, Heliopolis aka shiga. Watan farko na Akhet, ranar 23, wannan basarake na kudu ya shiga Tjaru.[38] Bikin gatari na jan karfe da aka rubuta tare da titulary na Fir'auna Ahmose I, Gidan kayan tarihi na Ashmolean. Duk da yake a baya an ɗauka cewa kwanan watan wannan shekara na sarauta yana nufin Ahmose, an yarda a yau maimakon a koma ga abokin hamayyar Ahmose Hyksos Khamudi tun da takardan papyrus na Rhind yana nufin Ahmose da ƙaramin lakabi na 'Prince of the South' maimakon sarki ko kuma. fir'auna, a matsayinsa na mai goyon bayan Ahmose, tabbas zai kira shi.[39] Anthony Spalinger, a cikin wani bita na littafin JNES 60 (2001) na littafin Kim Ryholt na 1997, Halin Siyasa a Masar a lokacin Na Biyu.Tsakanin Tsakanin Zamani, c.1800-1550 BC, ya lura cewa fassarar Ryholt na tsakiyar ɓangaren rubutun Rhind wanda ke nuna mamayewar Ahmose na Delta yana karanta a maimakon "wata na 1 na Akhet, rana ta 23. Shi-na-Kudu (watau. Ahmose) ya bugi Sile. yana da kyau a yi tsammanin nassin Theban ya kwatanta Fir'auna ta haka? Domin idan kwanan watan yana nufin Ahmose, to lallai ne marubucin ya kasance mai bin wannan sarkin. A gare ni, zancen Ahmose a kaikaice—dole Ahmose ne—ya kamata ya nuna mai goyon bayan daular Hyksos; don haka shekarun mulkin ya kamata su koma ga wannan sarki ba Theban ba.[40] Littafin Rhind Papyrus ya kwatanta wasu dabarun sojan Ahmose lokacin da ya kai hari Delta. Shiga Heliopolis a watan Yuli, ya gangara zuwa gabas delta don ɗaukar Tjaru, babban katangar kan iyaka a kan titin Horus, hanya daga Masar zuwa Kan'ana, a cikin Oktoba, gaba ɗaya yana guje wa Avaris. A cikin ɗaukar Tjaru[38] ya katse duk wata hanya tsakanin Kan'ana da Avaris. Wannan yana nuni da cewa yana shirin killace Avaris, inda ya kebe babban birnin Hyksos daga taimako ko kayan da ke zuwa daga Kan'ana.[41] An gano bayanan ƙarshen kamfen a bangon kabarin wani soja mai suna Ahmose, ɗan Ebana. Waɗannan bayanan sun nuna cewa Ahmose I ya jagoranci hare-hare uku a kan Avaris, babban birnin Hyksos, amma kuma dole ne ya murkushe wani ƙaramin tawaye a kudancin Masar. Bayan haka a hari na hudu ya ci birnin.[42] Ya kammala nasararsa a kan Hyksos ta hanyar cin nasara a kan sansaninsu na Sharuhen kusa da Gaza bayan da aka yi masa kawanya na shekaru uku.[43][44] Da Ahmose ya ci Avaris a shekara ta 18 ko 19 na sarauta a ƙarshe. An ba da shawarar wannan ta hanyar "wani rubutu a cikin dutsen dutse a Tura inda aka yi amfani da 'shanu daga Kan'ana' a wurin buɗe dutsen a cikin shekara ta 22 ta sarautar Ahmose."[45] Tun da wataƙila an shigo da shanun bayan da Ahmose ya kewaye garin. ko Sharuhen wanda ya biyo bayan faduwar Avaris, wannan yana nufin cewa mulkin Khamudi dole ne ya ƙare a shekara ta 18 ko 19 na mulkin Ahmose na shekaru 25 a ƙarshe.[45] Kamfen na Levantine [gyara tushe] Bayan ya ci Hyksos, Ahmose ya fara yaƙi a Siriya da Nubia. Yaƙin neman zaɓe a cikin shekara ta 22 ya kai Djahy a cikin Levant kuma watakila har zuwa Euphrates, kodayake daga baya Fir'auna Thutmose I yawanci ana la'akari da kasancewa na farko da ya fara yaƙin neman zaɓe. Amma Ahmose ya kai aƙalla har zuwa Kedem (wanda ake zaton yana kusa da Byblos), bisa ga wani kabari a cikin kabarin matarsa ​​Ahmose-Nefertari.[46] Cikakkun bayanai kan wannan kamfen na musamman ba su da yawa, domin tushen mafi yawan bayanai, Ahmose, ɗan Ebana, ya yi aiki a cikin sojojin ruwan Masar kuma bai shiga wannan balaguron ƙasa ba. Duk da haka, ana iya fayyace daga binciken binciken archaeological na kudancin Kan’ana cewa a ƙarshen ƙarni na 16 BC Ahmose da magadansa na nan take sun yi nufin karya ikon Hyksos ne kawai ta halakar da garuruwansu ba don su ci Kan’ana ba. Shafukan da yawa a wurin sun lalace gaba ɗaya kuma ba a sake gina su ba a cikin wannan lokacin—abin da Fir’auna ya yi niyyar ci da haraji ba zai yi yuwuwa ba[47]. Kamfen na Nubian [gyara tushe] Kamfen na Ahmose I a Nubia sun fi rubuce rubuce. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan yakin Nubian na farko, wani Nubian mai suna Aata ya yi tawaye ga Ahmose, amma aka murkushe shi. Bayan wannan yunƙurin, wani ɗan Masar mai adawa da Theban mai suna Tetian ya tara 'yan tawaye da yawa a Nubia, amma shi ma ya sha kashi. Ahmose ya maido da mulkin Masar a kan Nubia, wanda aka sarrafa daga sabuwar cibiyar gudanarwa da aka kafa a Buhen.[28] A lokacin da ya sake kafa gwamnatin kasa, Ahmose ya nuna kamar ya saka wa sarakunan yankin da suka goyi bayan manufarsa da na magabata na daularsa[48]. Art da Monuments [gyaratushe] Gutsun rigar hannu na Ahmose I, Musée du Louvre. Tare da sake haɗewar Upper da Ƙarƙashin Masar a ƙarƙashin Ahmose, sabuntawar goyon bayan sarauta don zane-zane da gine-ginen gine-gine ya faru. An ba da rahoton cewa Ahmose ya keɓe kashi goma na duk abubuwan da ake samarwa don hidimar alloli na gargajiya, [49] yana farfado da manyan gine-ginen gine-gine da kuma fasaha. Duk da haka, yayin da shan kashi na Hyksos ya faru a ƙarshen zamanin Ahmose, shirin gininsa na gaba yana yiwuwa bai wuce shekaru bakwai ba, [50] kuma yawancin abin da aka fara tabbas ɗansa ne kuma magajinsa Amenhotep I.[51] Aiki daga zamanin Ahmose an yi shi da abubuwa mafi kyau fiye da kowane abu daga Tsakanin Tsakanin Tsakanin Lokaci na Biyu, ko da yake sana'ar da aka yi daga zamanin mulkinsa ba koyaushe ya dace da mafi kyawun aiki daga tsohuwar masarautu ko ta tsakiya ba.[13] Tare da Delta da Nubia a ƙarƙashin ikon Masar sau ɗaya, an sami damar samun albarkatun da ba a samu a Masarautar Masar ba. An samu zinari da azurfa daga Nubia, lapis lazuli daga wurare masu nisa na tsakiyar Asiya, itacen al'ul daga Byblos, da kuma a cikin Sinai an sake bude ma'adinan turquoise na Serabit el-Khadim. Ko da yake ainihin dangantakar da ke tsakanin Masar da Crete ba ta da tabbas, aƙalla an sami wasu ƙirar Minoan akan abubuwa daga wannan lokacin, kuma Masar ta ɗauki Aegean a matsayin wani ɓangare na daularta[52]. Ahmose ya sake bude ma’adanin dutsen dutse na Tura don samar da dutse don yin abubuwan tarihi, sannan ya yi amfani da shanun Asiya da suka fito daga kasar Finikiya wajen hako dutsen, kamar yadda rubutunsa ya nuna.[53]   Fir'auna Ahmose I yana kashe Hyksos mai yiwuwa. Cikakken bayanin gatari na biki da sunan Ahmose I, taska na Sarauniya Ahhotep II. Gidan kayan tarihi na Luxor[54][55][bayanin kula 2] Fasaha a lokacin mulkin Ahmose I ya yi kama da salon Theban na Masarautar Tsakiya, [57] da steelae daga wannan lokacin sun kasance masu inganci iri ɗaya.[52] Wannan yana nuna yiwuwar ra'ayin mazan jiya na dabi'a don farfado da salon zamani daga zamanin kafin-Hyksos. Duk da haka, guda uku ne kawai aka gano ainihin siffofi na Ahmose na tsira: shabti ɗaya da aka ajiye a gidan tarihi na Biritaniya, mai yiwuwa daga kabarinsa (wanda ba a taɓa samun ingantaccen wurin ba), da mutum-mutumi masu girman rai guda biyu; daya daga cikinsu yana zaune a gidan adana kayan tarihi na birnin New York, ɗayan kuma a gidan tarihi na Khartoum.[57] Duk suna nuni da ɗimbin idanu masu kumbura, fasalin kuma yana samuwa akan zaɓaɓɓun steela waɗanda ke nuna fir'auna. Dangane da salo, ƙaramin dutse sphinx wanda ke zaune a National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh, an kuma gano shi da gangan yana wakiltar Ahmose I.[58]. Ana tsammanin fasahar yin gilashin ta samo asali ne a lokacin mulkin Ahmose. Samfurin gilashin da ya fi dadewa yana da alama sun kasance masu lahani na faience, amma ƙirar gilashin da gangan bai faru ba sai farkon daular sha takwas[59]. Ɗaya daga cikin ƙullun gilashin farko da aka samo ya ƙunshi sunayen Ahmose da Amenhotep I, waɗanda aka rubuta a cikin salon da aka rubuta game da lokacin mulkinsu.[60] Idan ba a fara yin gilashin ba kafin zamanin Ahmose kuma abubuwa na farko sun kasance ba a bayan zamanin magajinsa ba, to tabbas yana daga cikin mutanensa ne suka haɓaka wannan sana'a.[60] Kayan ado da makamin biki da aka samu a binne Sarauniya Ahhotep, ciki har da gatari wanda ruwansa ya nuna Ahmose I ya kashe wani sojan Hyksos, da kuma kudadden zinare da aka baiwa Sarauniyar saboda rawar da ta taka a kan Hyksos. Ahmose ya ci gaba da manyan ayyukan gine-gine kamar waɗanda aka yi kafin Tsakanin Tsakanin Na Biyu. A kudancin kasar ya fara gina gidajen ibada da aka gina da bulo, daya daga cikinsu a garin Buhen na Nubian. A cikin Masar ta sama ya yi kari ga haikalin Amun da ke Karnak da haikalin Montu a Armant.[52] A cewar wani rubutu a Tura, [53] ya yi amfani da farar farar dutse don gina haikali zuwa Ptah da kudancin harem na Amun, amma bai gama ba.aiki.[52] Ya gina cenotaph ga kakarsa, Sarauniya Tetisheri, a Abydos.[52] Binciken da Manfred Bietak ya yi a wurin Avaris ya nuna cewa Ahmose yana da gidan sarauta da aka gina a wurin tsohon babban birnin Hyksos. Bietak ya sami raguwar salon Minoan na frescoes wanda ya taɓa rufe bangon fadar; Bayan haka an yi ta cece-kuce kan irin rawar da wannan wayewar Aegean ta taka ta fuskar kasuwanci da fasaha[61]. A ƙarƙashin mulkin Ahmose, birnin Thebes ya zama babban birnin ƙasar Masar gaba ɗaya, kamar yadda yake ƙarƙashin daular 11 a farkon Masarautar Tsakiya. Har ila yau, ta zama cibiyar sabuwar ƙwararrun ma'aikatan gwamnati, inda aka fi samun buƙatu na marubuta da masu karatu yayin da tarihin tarihin sarauta ya fara cika da asusu da rahotanni.[62] Samun Thebes a matsayin babban birnin kasar tabbas wani zaɓi ne na dabaru kamar yadda yake a tsakiyar ƙasar, ƙarshen ma'ana daga yin yaƙi da Hyksos a arewa da kuma Nubians a kudu. Duk wani adawa na gaba a kowace iyaka za a iya fuskantar shi cikin sauki[63]. Wataƙila mafi mahimmancin sauyi shine na addini: Thebes ta zama ta zama mai addini kuma ta zama cibiyar siyasa ta ƙasar, allahntaka na gida Amun ya ba da kwarin gwiwar Ahmose a cikin nasarorin da ya samu akan Hyksos. Muhimmancin hadaddun haikalin a Karnak (a gabar gabashin kogin Nilu a arewacin Thebes) ya girma kuma muhimmancin al'adun gargajiya na Ra da ke Heliopolis ya ragu.[64] An sami wasu faifai da yawa da ke ba da cikakken bayani game da aikin da Ahmose ya yi a Karnak, biyu daga cikinsu sun kwatanta shi a matsayin mai taimako ga haikali. A daya daga cikin wadannan dunkulallun, wanda aka fi sani da “Tempest Stele”, ya yi ikirarin sake gina dala na magabata a Thebes da wata babbar guguwa ta lalata.[65] Fashewar Thera a cikin Aegean wasu malamai sun yi amfani da shi a matsayin tushen lalacewar da aka kwatanta a cikin Tempest Stele.[66] Tsawon lokaci da ranar sarauta [gyara tushe] A cewar Josephus a cikin Contra Apionem da Theophilus na Antakiya a cikin Apologia ad Autolycum, Manetho's Aegyptiaca ya bayyana cewa Fir'auna wanda ya kori Hyksos daga Masar ana kiransa "Tethmôsis" kuma ya yi sarauta tsawon shekaru 25 da watanni 4.[67][43]. Akasin haka, in ji masanin Rumawa George Syncellus, Sextus Julius Africanus ya rubuta cewa Aegyptica ta ba da rahoton cewa an saka wa sarki suna “Amôs”. Syncellus kuma ya lura cewa Eusebius a cikin Chronicon nasa ya ce "Amôsis" ko "Amoses" - wanda ya dogara da nau'in Eusebius - an ambaci shi a cikin Aegyptica yana mulkin shekaru 25 kuma ya kafa daular goma sha takwas daga Thebes.[68]. Mutumin mai shekaru 25 yana da alama yana goyan bayan rubutun 'Shekara 22' daga mulkinsa a wuraren da aka kafa dutse na Tura.[69] Binciken likita da aka yi wa mummy ya nuna cewa ya rasu yana da kimanin shekaru talatin da biyar, yana goyon bayan mulkin shekaru 25 idan ya hau karagar mulki yana dan shekara 10.[43] Mulkin Ahmose na iya zama daidai daidai da kwanan watan ta amfani da Heliacal tashi na Sirius a cikin mulkin magajinsa, amma saboda jayayya game da inda aka lura, an sanya shi mulki daga 1570 zuwa 1546 BC, 1560-1537 BC, 1551-1527 BC da 1539-1514 BC ta tushe daban-daban.[43][70][71] Matsakaicin kwanakin rediyo na farkon mulkinsa shine 1570-1544 BC, ma'anarsa shine 1557 BC.[20][bayanin kula 3]. Mutuwa [gyara tushe] Dala [gyara tushe] Babban labarin: Pyramid na Ahmose  Rugujewar Dala ta Ahmose An gano ragowar dala na Ahmose a Abydos a cikin 1899 kuma an gano shi a matsayin nasa a 1902.[74] An yi awon gaba da yawancin duwatsun da ke waje domin yin amfani da su a wasu ayyukan gine-gine tsawon shekaru, kuma tudun tarkacen da aka gina a kai ya ruguje. Duk da haka, Arthur Mace ya samo layuka biyu na tsakuwa da ba su da kyau, wanda ya kiyasta gangarwar ta kusan digiri 60, bisa ga shaidar rumbun dutsen.(idan aka kwatanta da mafi ƙarancin digiri na 51 na Babban Dala na Giza).[75] Kusa da babban haikalin dala da kuma gabas, Harvey ya gano haikali biyu da Sarauniya Ahmose ta gina, Ahmose-Nefertary. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan gine-ginen kuma yana ɗauke da tubalin da aka buga da sunan Babban Ma'aji Neferperet, jami'in da ke da alhakin sake buɗe wuraren da aka haƙa dutse a el-Ma'asara (Tura) a shekara ta Ahmose 22. Na uku, babban haikali (Haikali C) shine kama da haikalin dala a cikin tsari da sikelinsa, amma bulonsa da aka hatimi da cikakkun bayanai na ado suna ƙarfafa cewa wurin ibada ne na Ahmose-Nefertary[76]. Za a iya haɗa kutuwar rukunin dala da jerin abubuwan tarihi waɗanda aka binne tare da hamadar kilomita ɗaya. A gefen wannan gaɓoɓin akwai wasu maɓalli masu mahimmanci: 1) babban dala da aka keɓe ga kakarsa Tetisheri wanda ke ɗauke da sulke da ke nuna Ahmose yana ba ta sadaka; 2) wani katafaren ginin ƙasa da aka yanka wanda ƙila ko dai ya zama alamar alamar duniyar Osirian ko kuma a matsayin ainihin kabarin sarauta;[77] da 3) wani haikalin da aka gina a kan manyan manyan duwatsu, wanda ke da babban dutse da filaye na bulo. Wadannan abubuwa suna nuna a gaba ɗaya irin wannan shiri da aka yi na cenotaph na Senwosret III kuma gabaɗaya gininsa yana ƙunshe da abubuwa waɗanda ke nuna salon tsarin dala na Tsohuwar da ta Tsakiya.[77] Dagger na Ahmose I, Gidan kayan tarihi na Luxor Akwai jayayya akan ko wannan dala ita ce wurin binne Ahmose, ko kuwa cenotaph ne. Ko da yake masu bincike a baya Mace da Currelly sun kasa gano wani ɗakuna na ciki, da wuya a sami ɗakin binnewa a tsakiyar tarkacen dala. Idan babu wani ambaton kabarin sarki Ahmose a cikin bayanan fashin kabarin na Abbott Papyrus, kuma idan babu wani mai yiwuwa dan takarar kabarin sarki a Thebes, mai yiyuwa ne an tsare sarki a Abydos, kamar yadda aka nuna. ku Harvey. Tabbas babban adadin tsarin ayyukan ibada da ke gindin dala da ke cikin 'yan shekarun nan, da kasancewar gindin dala na makabarta da firistoci na kungiyar Ahmose ke amfani da su, suna jayayya da mahimmancin kungiyar Abydos ta sarki. Duk da haka, wasu masana Masarautar Masar sun yi imanin cewa an gina dala (kamar dala ta Tetisheri a Abydos) a matsayin cenotaph kuma cewa Ahmose na iya kasancewa da farko an binne shi a kudancin Dra' Abu el-Naga' tare da sauran ƙarshen sha bakwai da farkon sha takwas. Tsari.[52] Wannan dala shine dala na ƙarshe da aka taɓa ginawa a matsayin wani ɓangare na rukunin gawawwaki a Masar. Fir'auna na Sabuwar Masarautar za su yi watsi da dala, saboda dalilai na zahiri da na addini. Filin Giza ya ba da ɗaki mai yawa don gina dala; amma ba haka lamarin yake ba game da ƙayyadaddun yanayin ƙasa na Thebes da ke da iyaka da dutse da duk wani binnewa a cikin hamadar da ke kewaye yana da haɗari ga ambaliya. Sifar dala tana da alaƙa da allahn rana Re, wanda Amun ya lulluɓe shi da mahimmanci. Daya daga cikin ma’anar sunan Amun shi ne boye, wanda ke nufin yanzu tauhidi ya halatta a boye kabarin Fir’auna ta hanyar raba cikakken samfurin gawarwaki da ainihin wurin binne shi. Wannan ya ba da ƙarin fa'ida cewa za a iya ɓoye wurin hutawa na Fir'auna daga 'yan fashin necropolis. Za a binne duk fir'auna na Sabuwar Mulkin a cikin kaburburan dutse da aka sassaka a kwarin Sarakuna.[78] Mummy [gyara tushe] Mummified shugaban Ahmose I a Luxor Museum. An gano mahaifiyar Ahmose I a cikin 1881 a cikin Deir el-Bahri Cache, wanda ke cikin tsaunuka kai tsaye sama da Haikalin Gawawwaki na Hatshepsut. An haɗa shi tare da mummies na sauran shugabannin daular sha takwas da sha tara Amenhotep I, Thutmose I, Thutmose II, Thutmose III, Ramesses I, Seti I, Ramesses II da Ramesses IX, da kuma daular Ashirin da ɗaya.Fir'auna Pinedjem I, Pinedjem II da Siamun.[79] Gaston Maspero ne ya kwance wa Ahmose I's mummy a ranar 9 ga Yuni, 1886. An same ta a cikin akwatin gawa da ke ɗauke da sunansa a cikin hieroglyphs, kuma a kan bandejinsa an sake rubuta sunansa cikin rubutun hieratic. Yayin da salon akwatin gawar itacen al'ul ya yi daidai da lokacin daular Goma sha takwas, ba ta salon sarauta ba ne ko kuma fasahar kere kere, kuma duk wani abin da aka yi masa ado ko ginshiƙai mai yuwuwa an riga an cire shi a zamanin da.[80] A bayyane yake an ɗauke shi daga ainihin inda aka binne shi, an sake naɗe shi kuma an sanya shi a cikin ma'ajiyar Deir el-Bahri a lokacin sarautar daular Ashirin da ɗaya ta sarki Pinedjem II, wanda sunansa kuma ya bayyana a cikin kayan mummy. A wuyansa an sanya wani ado na furanni Delphinium. Gawar tana da alamun cewa tsoffin ’yan fashin kaburbura sun yi wa ganima, an karye masa kai daga jikinsa, an fasa masa hanci[81]. Jikin ya kasance 1.63 m (inci 64) tsayi. Mummy na da wata ‘yar karamar fuska wacce babu siffa mai ma’ana, duk da yana da fitattun hakoran gaba; wannan yana iya kasancewa dabi’ar iyali da aka gada, domin ana iya ganin wannan siffa a cikin wasu muminai mata na iyali guda, da kuma mummyn zuriyarsa, Thutmose II.[81] Gatari na biki da sunan Ahmose I, wanda aka samu a kabarin sarauniya Ahhotep II. Wannan gatari yana murna da nasarar Ahmose. Yana ɗauke da sarautar sarki, tare da hotunan sarki yana bugun abokan gaba na Asiya, da addu'o'in shekaru masu yawa na mulki. Daular Goma Sha Takwas, daga Dra Abu el-Naga. CG 52645 / JE4673 Luxor Museum. Takaitaccen bayanin mummy ta Gaston Maspero yana ba da ƙarin haske kan kamannin iyali: ... yana da matsakaicin tsayi, yayin da jikinsa ya auna tsayinsa ƙafa 5 6 inci (1.68m) ne kawai, amma haɓakar wuya da ƙirji na nuna ƙarfin gaske. Kan yana da kankanta daidai gwargwado, gaban goshi yayi kasa da kunkuntar, aikin kunci-kashi kuma gashi yana da kauri da kauri. Fuskar ta yi kama da ta Tiûâcrai [Seqenenre Tao] kuma kamannin ita kaɗai za ta bayyana kusanci, ko da mun jahilci kusancin da ya haɗa waɗannan Fir'auna biyu[82]. Nazarin farko na mummy an fara tunanin ya bayyana wani mutum mai shekaru 50, [82] amma jarrabawar da ta biyo baya ta nuna cewa a maimakon haka ya kasance a tsakiyar shekarun 30 lokacin da ya mutu.[48] Asalin wannan mummy (Katalojin Gidan Tarihi na Alkahira n° 61057) an yi tambaya cikin 1980 ta sakamakon da aka buga na Dr. James Harris, farfesa a fannin ilimin likitanci, da masanin ilimin Masar Edward Wente. An ƙyale Harris ya ɗauki x-ray na duk waɗanda ake zaton mummies na sarauta a gidan tarihi na Alkahira. Duk da yake tarihi ya rubuta Ahmose I a matsayin ɗan ko kuma mai yiwuwa jikan Seqenenre Tao, yanayin halittar craniofacial na mummies biyu sun bambanta sosai. Hakanan ya sha bamban da na Mummy macen da aka bayyana sunanta da Ahmes-Nefertari, wanda ake tunanin kanwarsa ce. Wannan rashin daidaito da kuma kasancewar wannan mummy ba'a taso da hannu a kirji ba, kamar yadda ake yi a lokacin mazajen sarautar mummy, ya sa suka yanke shawarar cewa wannan ba mummy ba ce, wanda ba a san ko wane ne Ahmose I ba. [83] Mummy yanzu tana cikin gidan kayan tarihi na Luxor tare da wanda aka ce na Ramesses I, a matsayin wani ɓangare na nunin nunin dindindin mai suna "Golden Age na Sojojin Masar".[84]. Nasara [gyara tushe] Hoton Osiride na Amenhotep I, wanda a halin yanzu yake a cikin Gidan Tarihi na Biritaniya Ahmose I ya gaje shi da ɗansa, Amenhotep I. Wasu tsirarun malamai sun yi jayayya cewa Ahmose yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da Amenhotep, mai yuwuwa har zuwa shekaru shida. Idan da akwai tsarin mulki, ba za a iya naɗa Amenhotep sarki ba kafin shekara ta 18 ta sarautar Ahmose, shekarar farko da Ahmose-ankh, magaji, zai iya rasuwa[31]. Akwai dalilai masu ma'ana da ke nuna ƙila an sami haɗin kai, kodayake tabbataccen shaidarashi.[85] Hujja ta farko ta ƙunshi ƙananan abubuwa guda uku waɗanda ke ɗauke da duka kayan adonsu na kusa da juna: ƙaramin gilashin da aka ambata a baya, ƙaramin layukan feldspar da karyayyen stele, duk an rubuta su cikin salon da ya dace na farkon Daular Goma sha Takwas. [60] stele na ƙarshe ya ce Aminhotep an ba shi rai na har abada, wanda shine kalmar Masar, ma'anar cewa sarki yana raye, amma sunan Ahmose ba shi da ma'anar "gaskiya na murya" da aka saba ba da ita ga sarakunan da suka mutu. Tun da ana ɗaukan praenomen ne kawai lokacin da ya ɗauki kursiyin, kuma ana ɗauka cewa duka biyun suna raye a lokaci guda, an nuna cewa duka biyun suna mulki a lokaci guda. Akwai, duk da haka, yiyuwar Aminhotep I kawai yana son ya haɗa kansa da mahaifinsa ƙaunataccen, wanda ya sake haɗa Masar.[60] Na biyu, Aminhotep I ga alama ya kusa gama shirye-shiryen bikin Sed, ko ma ya fara bikin; amma yawancin sarautar Amenhotep I ana ba da shekaru 21 ne kawai kuma ba za a iya yin bikin Sed ba a al'ada kafin shekara ta 30 na mai mulki. Idan Aminhotep ina da babban tsarin mulki tare da mahaifinsa, wasu sun yi jayayya cewa ya shirya bikin bikin Sed a ranar da aka fara naɗa masa rawani maimakon ranar da ya fara sarauta shi kaɗai. Wannan zai fi bayyana matakin kammala shirye-shiryen bikin Sed a Karnak[86]. Akwai misalan Sabon Mulkin zamani guda biyu na karya wannan al'ada; Hatshepsut ta yi bikinta na Heb Sed a shekara ta 16 kuma Akhenaton ya yi bikin Sed a farkon farkon mulkinsa na shekaru 17.[87] Na uku, matar Ahmose, Ahmose Nefertari, ana kiranta da "Babbar Matar Sarki" da "Mahaifiyar Sarki" a cikin tukwane guda biyu waɗanda aka kafa a dutsen dutse na Ma'sara a shekara ta 22 ta Ahmose. Domin ta zama a zahiri "Uwar Sarki," Aminhotep ya riga ya zama sarki. Mai yiyuwa ne cewa lakabin ya kasance abin girmamawa ne kawai, kamar yadda Ahhotep II ya ɗauki lakabin ba tare da kasancewa mahaifiyar wani sarki da aka sani ba;[85] ko da yake akwai yiwuwar danta Amenemhat ya zama abokin tarayya Aminhotep I, amma ya riga shi mutuwa. [31] Saboda wannan rashin tabbas, a halin yanzu ba zai yiwu a iya tabbatarwa ko musantawa ba. Duk ayyukan Redford da Murnane akan batun ba a yanke hukunci ba bisa dalilin cewa akwai ƙarancin tabbataccen shaida ko dai na ko kuma a kan sahihanci. Ko da akwai daya, da ba zai kawo wani sauyi ga tarihin zamanin ba domin a irin wannan cibiya Aminhotep ya fara kirga zamanin mulkinsa tun daga shekararsa ta farko a matsayinsa na daya tilDuk da haka, magoya bayan ƙungiyoyin sun lura cewa tun da aƙalla tawaye ɗaya aka yi wa Ahmose a zamanin mulkinsa, da lalle zai kasance da ma'ana a yi wa magaji sarauta kafin a mutu don a hana gwagwarmayar neman sarauta.[85] Duba kuma

Ahmose
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